Thursday 10/29– Ch. 5 Bone LT: List the functions of the skeletal system Name the four main kinds of bones Identify the anatomical areas of a long bone ET: Read “Functions of the Bones.” on pgs. 112 and 113. List the five major functions of bones and provide a brief description for each

Functions of Bones Support – Bones for the internal framework Protection – Keep soft organs protected (Brain) Movement – Muscles are attached by tendons to allow body movement Storage – Stores fat and minerals (Ca+) Blood cell formation – Red blood cell are made from red bone marrow (Hematopoiesis)

Classification Long – longer than they are wide Short – Cube shaped and mostly spongy Flat – Thin, Flat, and Curved Irregular – Bones that do not fit the above categories

Diaphysis: Shaft Periosteum: Membrane connected by Sharpey’s fibers Epiphyses: Ends Articular Cartilage (hyaline) Yellow marrow or medullary cavity: Fat

Classification Spongy Compact

Compact (wall of the diaphysis) Types of Bone Tissue Compact (wall of the diaphysis) Spongy (cancellous, epiphysis) - red marrow

Medullary Cavity – hollow chamber filled with bone marrow Inside the Long Bone Medullary Cavity – hollow chamber filled with bone marrow Red Marrow (blood) Yellow Marrow (fat) Endosteum – lining of the medullary

Microscopic Structure MATRIX - where the bone cells live   OSTEOCYTES  - mature bone cells, enclosed in tiny chambers called LACUNAE OSTEOCYTES form rings (LAMELLAE) around a HAVERSIAN CANAL which houses blood vessels Osteocytes are linked by CANALICULI Haversian Canals are linked by VOLKMAN's CANALS

Osteocytes Haversian Canal Volkmann’s Canal

BONE COLORING!

Test Yourself Find the... Haversian Canal Volkman's Canal Lamellae Spongy Bone Compact Bone

Gross Anatomy of Bones Create detailed, labeled drawing of the each different specimen (be careful there are duplicates) Try and see as much of the long bone anatomy as possible and identify the different parts Your drawing will be turned in at the end of the period

Tuesday 11/3 – The Bone ET: Define the following terms Ossification Osteoblast (bone + germinate) Osteoclast (bone + broken) Osteocyte LT: Today I will.. Describe briefly the process of bone formation in the fetus Summarize the events of bone remodeling Name and describe the various types of fractures

No Notes! Appropriate names only! Quiz Time! Get with a partner or group and go to Kahoot.it No Notes! Appropriate names only!

Bone Cells

Wednesday 11/4 – Bone Remodeling Today we will model Healthy bone remodeling that occurs after injury or stress

Ossification – Bone formation Osteoblast cover a cartilage model of the bone with bone matrix The matrix will absorb mineral salts and harden and be come compact bone Remodeling

Thursday and Friday 11/2-11/6 Learning objective: To learn and become a forensic scientist Apply your forensic knowledge and identify bones at a crime scene

Thursday 11/7 – Bone Fractures There are eight main types of bone fracture Simple Compound Comminuted Compression Depression Impacted Spiral Greenstick

Healing A Bone Fracture Hematoma – blood filled swelling Bony Callus – osteoblast and osteoclast replace the fibrous callus with spongy bone Fibrocartilage Callus – various cells create cartilage, bone matrix, and collagen fibers Bone remodeling

Bone Markings You will not be tested on these, however you should be familiar with them and complete the section of the worksheet that covers this topic.