Physical and Chemical changes molecules

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Presentation transcript:

Physical and Chemical changes molecules

Chemical and physical changes

Physical Change A Physical change is a change in a substance that does not change what the substance is.

Physical Change - examples Examples of physical change include: Change in shape Change in size Change in phase Melting (solid to liquid) Boiling (liquid to gas) Evaporation (liquid to gas) Condensation (gas to liquid) Freezing (liquid to solid) Sublimation (solid to gas) Deposition (gas to solid)

Physical Change Physical changes might be caused by: Grinding Cutting Crushing Bending Breaking Heating/cooling (change in phase) squishing

Physical Change Evidence that a physical change has occurred might include: Change in shape Change in form Change in size Change in phase (This is always a physical change!) Physical changes are usually reversible

Physical change What could you do to these items to cause a physical change to occur?

Chemical change A chemical change is a change in which a substance is changed into a different substance. (You’ve changed what it is.)

Chemical change Examples of chemical changes include: Burning Rusting Tarnishing Decomposing Polymerization

Chemical change Chemical changes occur when a chemical reaction causes bonds between atoms to break or to form.

Matter All matter is composed of atoms and groups of atoms bonded together, called molecules. Substances (atoms or molecules) that are made from one type of atom only are called elements. Substances (molecules) that are made from more than one type of atom bonded together are called compounds.

Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Sodium is an element. Chlorine is an element. When sodium and chlorine bond they make the compound sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt. Compounds have different properties than the elements that make them up. Table salt has different properties than sodium, an explosive metal, and chlorine, a poisonous gas.

Elements, Compounds, Mixtures Hydrogen is an element. Oxygen is an element. When hydrogen and oxygen bond they make the compound water. The compound water has very different physical and chemical properties from the hydrogen and oxygen which create water through bonding. The ocean is a mixture.

Elements, Compounds, Mixtures When salt and water are combined, a mixture is created. Mixtures retain their individual properties. Even though mixtures contain more than one substance, mixtures are not considered compounds. The ocean is a mixture.

Read and review: http://www.chem4kids.com/files/react_intro.html

Molecules https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfXxZwNLvPA Video Clip intro to molecules http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/build-a-molecule PHET Build a Molecule

Elements, compounds, and mixtures Mixtures can be separated by physical means. Compounds can only be separated by chemical means.

H2O LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: HYDROGEN RED: OXYGEN WATER!!

KOH LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: POTASSIUM BLUE: OXYGEN YELLOW: HYDROGEN POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE!!

CO LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: CARBON BLUE: OXYGEN CARBON MONOXIDE!!

LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! O2 BLUE: OXYGEN OXYGEN!!

HNO3 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: HYDROGEN RED: NITROGEN BLUE: OXYGEN NITRIC ACID!!

H2CO3 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLUE: OXYGEN YELLOW: HYDROGEN BLACK: CARBON CARBONIC ACID!!!

SODIUM CHLORIDE (SALT)!! LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! NaCl BLACK: CHLORINE RED: SODIUM SODIUM CHLORIDE (SALT)!!

H2SO4 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: HYDROGEN BLUE: OXYGEN YELLOW: SULFUR SULFURIC ACID!!

HCl LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: CHLORINE BLUE: HYDROGEN Hydrochloric Acid!!

CO2 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: CARBON RED: OXYGEN CARBON DIOXIDE!!

Na2SO4 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: SODIUM RED: SULFUR BLUE:OXYGEN SODIUM SULPHATE!!

ACETAMINOPHEN (TYLENOL)!! LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! C8H9O2N YELLOW: CARBON RED: HYDROGEN BLUE:OXYGEN BLACK: NITROGEN ACETAMINOPHEN (TYLENOL)!!

C9H8O4 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: HYDROGEN RED: OXYGEN BLUE:CARBON ASPIRIN!!!!

C10H10O5 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: CARBON BLUE: OXYGEN BLACK: HYDROGEN STARCH

K2SO4 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: NITROGEN RED: CARBON BLUE: OXYGEN BLACK: HYDROGEN SULFATE of POTASH

C3H9N LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: HYDROGEN RED: NITROGEN BLUE: CARBON TRIMETHYLAMINE

C6H12O6 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: OXYGEN RED: CARBON BLUE: HYDROGEN GLUCOSE (SUGAR!!)

NH3 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: HYDROGEN RED: NITROGEN AMMONIA!!

C6H8O7 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: OXYGEN BLACK: HYDROGEN BLUE: CARBON CITRIC ACID

C8H10N4O2 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! YELLOW: NITROGEN BLACK: HYDROGEN BLUE: OXYGEN RED: CARBON CAFFEINE

CaCO3 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: CALCIUM BLUE: CARBON RED: OXYGEN CHALK

H2O2 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: OXYGEN BLUE: HYDROGEN HYDROGEN PEROXIDE

CH4 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: HYDROGEN YELLOW: CARBON METHANE

N2O LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: NITROGEN YELLOW: OXYGEN NITROUS OXIDE

KNO3 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: POTASSIUM YELLOW: OXYGEN RED: NITROGEN SALTPETRE

As2O3 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: ARSENIC YELLOW: OXYGEN ARSENIOUS OXIDE

CHCl3 LEGO MOLECULE RACE!! Make this molecule!! BLACK: CHLORINE RED: CARBON YELLOW: HYDROGEN CHLOROFORM