Presentation Wilms Tumor of Kidney Disease Ann Zhao IMG 310 Summer 2016 Mercy College of Ohio

Wilms’ tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a kidney cancer that primarily affects children ages 3 to 4. It is named after Max Wilms, a German doctor who wrote one of the first medical articles about the disease in What is Wilms Tumor Disease?

MRI Coronal Image of Kidneys Wilms Tumor of Right Kidney

Factors that may increase the risk of Wilms' tumor include:  Age Wilms’ tumors are most common in young children, with the average age being about 3 to 4 years. They are less common in older children, and are rare in adults.  Race In the United States, the risk of Wilms’ tumor is slightly higher in African- American children than in white children and is lowest among Asian- American children. The reason for this is not known.  Gender Girls have a slightly higher risk of Wilms’ tumor than boys.  Family history of Wilms tumor About 1% to 2% of children with Wilms’ tumors have one or more relatives with the same cancer Causes and Risk Factors:

Symptoms and Modality Best Imaged: Typical signs and symptoms of Wilms' tumor include the following: Abdominal swelling An abdominal mass you can feel Abdominal painFeverBlood in the urine Imaging tests may include: Ultrasound Computerized Tomography (CT) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). MRI scans provide detailed images of soft tissues in the body. MRI scans use radio waves and strong magnets to create the images instead of x-rays and don’t expose your child to radiation.

Treatment for Wilms' tumor usually involves surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy. But treatments may vary by the stage of the cancer. Surgery for Wilms' tumor may include removing all or part of the affected kidney. Chemotherapy uses powerful drugs to kill cancer cells throughout the body. Chemotherapy may be used before surgery to shrink tumors and make them easier to remove. Chemotherapy may be used after surgery to kill any cancer cells that may remain in the body. Radiation therapy uses high-energy beams, such as x-rays, to kill cancer cells. Radiation therapy may also be an option to control cancer that has spread to other areas of the body. The overall 5-year survival is estimated to be approximately 90%, but for individuals the prognosis is highly dependent on individual staging and treatment. Early removal tends to promote positive outcomes. Treatment and Prognosis:

Bushong, S. C., & Clarke, G. (2014). Magnetic resonance imaging: Physical and Biological Principles (4th ed.). Maryland Heights, MO: Mosby, Inc. Diseases and Conditions: Wilms’s tumor (2014). Retrieved from www. mayoclinic. Org Wilms tumor(2016). Retrieved from References: