CRYONICS

CONTENTS: WHAT IS CRYONICS GENESIS OF CRYONICS ACTUAL PROCESS OF PRESERVING NANOTECHNOLOGY NANOROBOTS FINANCIAL ISSUES ROLE OF MULTIMEDIA CONCLUSION BIBLIOGRAPHY

WHAT IS CRYONICS?... Cryonics – derived from Greek language, kryos meaning icy cold. Cryonics is the low temperature preservation of living things who/which can no longer be sustained by contemporary medicine, with the hope that healing and resuscitation may be possible in future. Preserving to the point where molecular physical decay completely stops this state is known as cryonics suspension.

GENESIS OF CRYONICS: The idea of cryonics was proposed by Robert Ettinger a Physics teacher, after he read a book The Jameson Satellite by Neil R Jones in the year 1931. Later he published the books so called , The penultimate Trumph and The Prospects of Immortality in the years 1948 and 1962 respectively, which is a modern era of cryonics. Robert Ettinger - ‘originator and pioneer of cryonics’. The word cryonics was proposed by Kerl Werner in 1965. Later it was developed by CSM,CSC(not in use know),CI,Alcor.

continuation: The first person Dr. James Bedford, a 73 -year-old Psychology professor, was frozen with the intent of future resuscitation by CSC on January 12 , 1967. In CI the first person frozen there was Ettinger’s mother and later his two wives Elaine and Mae in the year 1977. Totally 306 bodies are preserved by cryonics in CI, Alcor and Kriorus (Russia) till the date of 1 May 2011.

Dr. James Bedford

ACTUAL PROCESS: There are mainly five steps in preserving a living thing by using the present technology: 1.Stabilize, cool, and transport the patient to the Cryonics Institute. 2. Perfuse the patient with cryoprotective solutions .

3.Lowers the patient temperature by adding the dry ice day to day until the body reaches -79 degree centigrade. 4.Body is slowly lowered into the liquid nitrogen until it is submerged in completely, by the completion of process temperature is -196 degree centigrade.

5.Finally stored in a cryostat made of fiberglass and perlite .

PROCESS OF PRESERVING AT ALCOR: On the way to Alcor, blood circulation is maintained and patient is injected with medicine to minimize problems with frozen tissues. At Alcor the body is cooled to 5 Degrees.

Continuation…..: Body is replaced with glycerol to reduce ice formation. The patient is placed in cold silicone oil, chilling the body to -79 degree centigrade. Then cooled over 5 days in liquefied nitrogen to -196 degree centigrade .

Process of preserving at ALCOR Institute

NANOTECHNOLOGY: Why nanotechnology is used in cryonics?..... “Current medical science does not have the tools to fix damage that occurs at the cellular and molecular level, and damage to these systems is the cause of vast majority of fatal illness”. Cryonics basically deals with cells, these cells are in the order of nanometers At present there is no other technology which deals with such minute cells. Only nanotechnology has the ability to deal with cells.

NANO ROBOT: Robots are programmed to deliver drugs to particular cells that are damaged. Nanoprobe has the capability of carrying ligands.

FINANCIAL ISSUES: The Cryonics Institute in Clinton Township, Michigan, charges a minimum of $28,000 and rarely more than US$200,000, depending on the cryonics organization, the type of cryopreservation neuro/whole body and the procedures used. This is due to storing a cryopreserved person is in liquid nitrogen, fracturing of the brain occurs, to overcome this cooling from -130 to -196 degree centigrade.

ROLE OF MULTIMEDIA: An electronic mailing list called Cryonet started by Kevin Brown in 1988. Books and novels like The Door Into Summer by Robert , The age of the pussyfoot by Fred Puhl, fictional books for children is 21st century kids by Shanon, Wake me when you need me. Movies like Late for Dinner in 1991, Open your eyes in 1997, Avatar in 2009.

CONCLUSION: In medicine, cryonics, was once considered on the outer edge, but is now moving closer to reality ? which means someone who died and was frozen last week may have a future again. Cryonics and nanotechnology form a useful pair. Each person alive today is a single cell, and a complete human being can grow in the natural state.

BIBLIOGRAPHY: www.cryonics.org/immortalist/novemero8/history.pdf Ray Kurzweil http://kurzweilai.net Eliezer Yukowsky and the Singularity Institute for Artificial Intelligence Ettinger, Robert C.W. (1964). The Prospect Of Immortality , First, Doubleday. ALE Foundation ACS.