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Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 Continental drift - hypothesis that states continents once formed a single landmass, broke up, and drifted to their present location Alfred Wegener in Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 1. Fossil Evidence: fossils of the same plants/animals found in areas of continents that had been connected. 2. Evidence from Rock Formations: ages/types of rocks in the coastal regions matched closely. 3. Climatic Evidence: changes in climatic patterns show continents had not always been located where they are now. Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 a long, undersea mountain chain has a valley at its center, forms as magma rises from the asthenosphere › creates new oceanic lithosphere (sea floor) as tectonic plates move apart Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 Sea-floor spreading - new oceanic lithosphere (sea floor) forms as magma rises to Earth’s surface and solidifies at a mid-ocean ridge Paleomagnetism - the alignment of magnetic minerals in rock, › magnetic properties that rock acquires during formation Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 As the ocean floor spreads apart, magma rises to fill the rift and then cools to form new rock. Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10 Section 1 Continental Drift
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 Theory of Plate Tectonics - large pieces of the lithospehere, called plates, move and change shape lithosphere the solid, outer layer of Earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle asthenosphere the solid, plastic layer of the mantle beneath the lithosphere; made of mantle rock that flows very slowly, which allows tectonic plates to move on top of it
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu The lithosphere forms the thin outer shell of Earth and is broken into several blocks or tectonic plates. Tectonic plates can include continental crust, oceanic crust, or both.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 Scientists have identified about 15 major tectonic plates. Scientists identify plate boundaries primarily by studying data from earthquakes.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 The boundaries of tectonic plates do not always match the outlines of continents.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 3 Types of Plate Boundaries divergent boundaries, convergent boundaries, transform boundaries.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 insert TT
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 insert TT
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 insert TT
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 Convection - the movement of heated material due to differences in density and differences in temperatures.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 The cooler, denser water sinks, and the warmer water rises to the surface called a convection cell.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 Mantle Convection Energy generated by Earth’s core and radioactivity within the mantle heat the mantle. › heated material rises cooler, denser material sinks into the mantle to replace the rising material › dragging the overlying tectonic plates along with it.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 Insert TT
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Section 2 The Theory of Plate Tectonics Chapter 10 Insert TT
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. ResourcesChapter menu Chapter 10