Image Field Data Accession number 0229 Record number JCB call number H494 V476i Image title Oceanica Classis Place image published [Basel] Image publisher [Johann Bergname de Olpel] Image date 1494 Image function plate; verso of leaf [36] Technique woodcut Image dimension height 13.8 cm. Image dimension width 8.6 cm. Page dimension height 20.6 cm. Page dimension width 14.8 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Latin Description A caravel, supposedly Columbus's sailing ship. Also includes a man in a rowboat. Source creator Verardi, Carlo, Source Title [Historia Baetica] In laudem serenissimi Ferdinandi Hispania[rum] regis, Bethicae [et] regni Granatae Source place of publication Basel Source publisher I[ohann] B[ergmann de Olpel] Source date 1494 Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary Add a comment Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number F706 A111n Image title [Captain Gosnold's men meet native Americans] Place image published Leyden [Leiden] Image publisher door Pieter van der Aa Image date [1707] Image function fold-out plate; vol. 22, [part 4], following p. 8 Technique engraving Image dimension height 12.8 cm. Image dimension width 17.4 cm. Page dimension height 17.4 cm. Page dimension width 20.3 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Dutch Description Europeans land in a bay and are welcomed by native Americans. Europeans build a fort on an island in the bay. Built environment includes fortifications, dwellings, boats, and ships. Source Title Naaukeurige versameling der gedenk-waardigste zee en land-reysen na Oost en West-Indiën... zedert het jaar 1601 tot 1605 Source place of publication In het ligt gegeven te Leyden [Leiden] Source publisher Door Pieter Vander Aa, boekverkoper in de St. Pieters Koor-steeg, in Plato. Source date 1707 notes Bartholomew Gosnold was captain of the Concord which sailed to the southern coast of present-day Maine and then to Cape Cod (named by Gosnold) in Gosnold reported that some of the native Americans they discovered were sailing a European shallop, wearing European clothes, and speaking a European tongue. Gosnold had a fort built on Cuttyhunk Island which was eventually abandoned when the crew elected to return to England. This image follows the special title page for Gabriel Archer, Batholomeus Gosnols Reys van Engeland na het noorder gedeelte van Virginien, Leiden, This collection of voyages consists of 127 parts, each having special title page, separate pagination, and register. The voyages covering the period from 1246 to 1696 are arranged chronologically. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary Add a comment geographic area North America Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings First contact of aboriginal peoples with Westerners Subject headings Indians of North America--First contact with Europeans

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number F706 A111n Image title [Collecting ice in the Hudson Strait] Place image published [Leiden] Image publisher [Pieter van der Aa] Image date [1706] Image function fold-out plate; vol. 22, [part 2], following p. 12 Technique engraving Image dimension height 12.6 cm. Image dimension width 17.6 cm. Page dimension height 17.3 cm. Page dimension width 20.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Men chop at ice and carry blocks of ice to boats. Includes ice floe or iceberg, axes, and ships. Source Title Naaukeurige versameling der gedenk-waardigste zee en land-reysen na Oost en West-Indiën... zedert het jaar 1524 tot 1526 Source place of publication In het ligt gegeven te Leyden [Leiden] Source publisher Door Pieter Vander Aa, boekverkoper in de St. Pieters Koor-steeg, in Plato. Source date 1707 notes Text discusses the mutiny that Captain George Weymouth faced when he and his crew were in the Hudson Strait. Weymouth punished the culprits for mutiny and then stopped on an iceberg to take on ice to use for fresh water. As the crew was carrying the ice to the ship, a couple of cracks were heard and men nearly were lost when the iceberg split.This image follows the special title page for Voyage na West-Indien... mitsgaders de scheeps-togt van Georg Weymonth..., Leiden, 1706.This collection of voyages consists of 127 parts, each having a special title page, separate pagination, and register. The voyages covering the period from 1246 to 1696 are arranged chronologically. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Arctic geographic area North America Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject headings Hudson Strait (QuΘbec and Nunavut) Subject headings Ice floes

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number J590 B915v GVL4.1 / 2-SIZE Image title Seditionem Indorum punit Didacus. Place image published [Frankfurt am Main] Image publisher [Johann Feyerabend, Theodor de Bry] Image date [1594] Image function illustration; Plate 17 Technique engraving, hand coloring Image dimension height 16.6 cm. Image dimension width 19.6 cm. Page dimension height 34.1 cm. Page dimension width 23 cm. Materials medium ink, colors Materials support paper Description Europeans on a ship hang native Americans, some of whom escape by jumping overboard. Includes cannons firing and dwellings. Source Title [America. Pt 4. Latin] Americae pars quarta. Sive, Insignis & admiranda historia de reperta primum occidentali India à Christophoro Columbo anno M. CCCXCII... Source place of publication Francofurtensi [Frankfurt am Main] Source publisher [Typis Ioannis Feyrabend] Theodoro de Bry Source date M D XCIIII [1594] notes Some of the Spaniards who had witnessed the massacre of Spaniards by native Americans near Cumana, present-day Venezuela, raised an army on the island of Dominica under the command of Diego d'Ocampo. When the ship arrived back at Cumana, d'Ocampo duped the natives by hiding the soldiers below deck, attacking them once they were lured aboard and hanging all who did not escape. This work was published by Theodor de Bry and is derived from the first part of Girolamo Benzoni, Historia del mondo nuovo, Venice, Theodor de Bry's America. Pt. 4. Latin. Imprint information from colophon. Time Period References Church, E.D. Discovery, 153 Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Spanish America Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Indigenous peoples Subject headings Indians, Treatment of

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number F646 B876j Image title [Sijnde een Kameel-Schaep, nevens een Chilees met sijn Vrouw.] Place image published [Amsterdam] Image publisher [Broer Jansz] Image date [1646] Image function plate 1; following p. 38 Technique engraving Image dimension height 15.9 cm. Image dimension width 22.7 cm. Page dimension height 19.1 cm. Page dimension width 24 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description Male and female Chilean native Americans encounter European men. Includes bow and arrow, feathered headdress, European ship, and llama. Source creator Brouwer, Hendrick, 1581 or Source Title Journael ende historis verhael van de reyse gedaen by oosten de straet le Maire, naer de custen van Chili, onder het beleyt van den Heer Generael Hendrick Brouwer, inden jare Source place of publication Tot Amsterdam Source publisher gedruckt by Broer Jansz, woonende op de Nieu-zijds Achter-burghwal, inde Silvere kan. Source date 1646 notes Text notes that the Spanish were the first to name these people. The encounter took place in May 1643 in southern Chile near Fort Castro or Calbuco.In 1642 the VOC (Dutch East India Company) and the WIC (West India Company) sent a fleet under Hendrik Brouwer to Chile to conquer the city of Valdivia and to take the Spanish gold mines. In 1643 Brouwer conquered the island of Chiloe and the city Valdivia, making him military governor beginning in May Brouwer died on August 7, 1643, and the vice-general Elias Herckmans took control.Image title from following page. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Spanish America Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject Area Indigenous peoples Subject headings Llamas Subject headings Indians of South America--Chile

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number D760 W927d Image title Ten Canoes of Natives of an Island near the Land of Desolation come and traffick with Captn. Davis. Place image published [London] Image publisher [J. Newbery] Image date 1760 Image function plate; vol. 4, following p. 42 Technique engraving Image dimension height 9.5 cm. Image dimension width 6 cm. Page dimension height 13.2 cm. Page dimension width 7.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description A European man pointing up to the sun greets a small group of native Americans who disembark from boats. Source Title The world displayed; or, A curious collection of voyages and travels, selected from the writers of all nations.... vol. IV. Source place of publication London Source publisher Printed for J. Newbery, at the Bible and Sun, in St. Paul's Church-Yard Source date 1760 notes In 1585 Captain John Davis (1550?-1605) in the ships Sunshine and Moonshine set out in search of a northwest passage over the Americas. The "land of desolation" was the southeast coast of Greenland. Given their dress and the presence of palm trees, the natives of Greenland could not have appeared as the ones in this image.Volume four contains an account of the British discoveries in America. Time Period References (Dec. 2008) Provenance/Donor Former collection William Holbech; acquired as a gift from the estate of Frederick Lippitt. Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Arctic Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Indigenous peoples Subject headings Greenland--Discovery and Exploration--English Subject headings Inuit

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number J767 C891h Image title Umiak of Vrouwenboot. Creator 1 Jan Swertner Creator 1 dates Creator 1 role sculp. Place image published [Haarlem & Amsterdam] Image publisher [C.H. Bohn & H. de Wit] Image date 1766 Image function fold-out plate 8; vol. 1, following p. 168 Technique engraving Image dimension height 13.6 cm. Image dimension width 15.1 cm. Page dimension height 20.4 cm. Page dimension width 25.5 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages Dutch Description Five Inuit women row and steer a large boat with a sail that also holds two infant children. Also includes two kayaks. Source creator Cranz, David, Source Title [Historie von Grönland. Dutch] Historie van Groenland behelzende eene nauwkeurige beschrijvinge van 's lands ligging, gesteldheid, en natuurlijke zeldzaamheden... bij de straate Davis... [I. deel] Source place of publication Te Haarlem Source publisher bij C.H. Bohn, [te] Amsterdam bij H. de Wit, boekverkoopers. Source date 1767 notes The umiak or oomiak is a large, broad boat used by Inuit women to transport their families and possessions. It is made of wood or bone and animal skin.David Cranz, a German historian and missionary, spent 14 months in Greenland in Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Arctic Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Indigenous peoples Subject headings Inuit--Boats--Greenland Subject headings Inuit--Transportation Subject headings Inuit--Women Subject headings Umiaks

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number D819 R824v / 1-SIZE (copy 1) Image title First Communications with the Natives of Prince Regents Bay, as Drawn by John Sackheouse, and Presented to Capt. Ross, Augt. 10, Creator 1 John Sackheouse Creator 1 role Drawn by Place image published London Image publisher Iohn Murray, Albemarle Street Image date 1819 Image function fold-out plate; following p. 88 Technique etching, aquatint, hand coloring Image dimension height 21.2 cm. Image dimension width 39.2 cm. Page dimension height 25.3 cm. Page dimension width 39.9 cm. Materials medium ink, colors Materials support paper Description Two ships are anchored near an icy shore. Inuit and British men exchange gifts. Includes boat, sleds and sled dogs, and whale tails. Source creator Ross, John, Sir, Source Title A voyage of discovery, made under the orders of the Admiralty, in His Majesty's ships Isabella and Alexander, for the purpose of exploring Baffin's Bay, and inquiring into the probability of a north-west passage. Source place of publication London Source publisher John Murray, Albemarle-Street Source date 1819 notes Prince Regent's Bay was really an inlet in Baffin Bay. John Sackheouse was the native interpreter for the expedition. Here the British and Inuit exchange gifts on meeting for the first time.Sir John Ross joined the Royal Navy at the age of nine. In 1818 he was appointed commander of an expedition sponsored by the British Admiralty to find a northwest passage. The ships were the Isabella and the Alexander (commanded by William Parry), specially fitted out to withstand Arctic exploration and to make wintering over in the Arctic possible. His mission was to find a passage, note the tides, currents, ice conditions, effects of magnetism, and to collect specimens. Ross experienced mirages in the form of mountains that made him turn back quite early in the exploration. He made two more trips to the Arctic: one in 1829 during which he found the magnetic north pole and spent four years in the Arctic while losing only three men, and one in 1850 when he was 72 to try to find the party of Sir John Franklin. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Arctic Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Indigenous peoples Subject headings Baffin Bay (North Atlantic Ocean) Subject headings Inuit--First contact with Europeans Subject headings Northwest Passage

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E722 B129h vol. 1 Image title [French contact Inuit] Place image published [Paris] Image publisher [Jean-Luc Nion and François Didot] Image date [1722] Image function fold-out plate; following p. 66 Technique engraving Image dimension height 13.2 cm. Image dimension width 24.1 cm. Page dimension height 16.2 cm. Page dimension width 26 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French Description The sailors of a European ship surrounded by ice make contact with native Americans and offer them a peace pipe [calumet]. French sailors wash clothing and play games to keep warm. Also depicted are kayaks, a seal, and a freshwater source. Items are lettered for description in a key within the image. Source creator Bacqueville de La Potherie, M. de (Claude-Charles LeRoy), Source Title Histoire de l'Amerique Septentrionale... Tome premier Source place of publication A Paris Source publisher Chez Jean-Luc Nion, au premier pavillon des quatre nations, à Ste. Monique. Et François Didot, à l'entrée du quai des Augustins, à la Bible d'or. Source date M. DCC.XXII [1722] notes Location depicted is in the area of the Strait of Belle Isle and the easternmost part of the Quebec Lower North Shore. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired before Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I Commentary The French had extensive sealing and cod fishing stations along the entire north shore of the St. Lawrence, and along both shores of the Strait of Belle Isle (on the Island of Newfoundland's west coast, and on the Labrador coast but no further north than today's Red Bay). During winter and into early summer these waters were the setting for ice pans, pack ice, shore-fast ice conditions, and icebergs, especially during this time of the Little Ice Age. Inuit came to trade with French as well as to pillage items from their fishing stations. A small number of Inuit were also living in southern Labrador (based on archaeological evidence) and many more made journeys from more northerly settlement areas. (Information from Marianne Stopp, an archeologist working on French and Inuit contact in southern Labrador).) geographic area North America Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Flora and fauna Subject Area Indigenous peoples Subject headings First contact of aboriginal peoples with Westerners Subject headings Indians of North America

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number F678 E96a Image title [Pirates raid Puerto Principe] Creator 1 H. Padtbrugge Creator 1 dates d Creator 1 role inv. et fec. Place image published [Amsterdam] Image publisher [Jan ten Hoorn] Image date [1678] Image function plate; following p. 82 Technique engraving Image dimension height 16.4 cm. Image dimension width 12.5 cm. Page dimension height 18.4 cm. Page dimension width 14.2 cm. Materials medium ink Materials support paper Description The pirate, Captain Henry Morgan, captures and sacks the town of Puerto Principe. Military aspects include guns, spears, swords, and scene of warfare. Built environment includes dwelling and an arch. Source creator Exquemelin, A.O. (Alexander Olivier) Source Title [Amerikaanse zeerovers] De Americaensche zee-roovers... Source place of publication Amsterdam Source publisher By Jan ten Hoorn, Boeckverkoper ober 't oude Heeren Logement Source date 1678 notes Henry Morgan was a notorious pirate who captured numerous Spanish ships, as well as the towns of Puerto Principe (present-day Camaguey, Cuba), Portobelo (in Panama) and Maracaibo (in Venezuela). In 1674, after being granted a pardon by Charles II of England, Morgan was knighted and appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Jamaica. Time Period Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Spanish America Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Geography, maps, city views and plans Subject Area Portraits Subject headings Pirates Subject headings Buccaneers

Image Field Data Accession number Record number JCB call number E744 H673d Image title [Title page] Place image published [Trevoux] Image publisher [Par la Compagnie] Image date [1744] Image function added engraved title page; vol. 1 Technique engraving Image dimension height 14.7 cm. Image dimension width 8.8 cm. Page dimension height 16.5 cm. Page dimension width 9.8 cm Materials medium ink Materials support paper Languages French, Latin Description Men offer gold and jewelry to a seated native American woman who wears a feathered headdress. Flanking the title a pirate slays a native American while another stabs a European gentleman. Includes a dog [?], birds, swords, men disembarking from ships in harbor. Source Title Histoire des avanturiers flibustiers... Tome premier Source place of publication A Trevoux Source publisher Par la Compagnie Source date M. DCC. XLIV [1744] notes Vol. 1 of the Histoire des avanturiers flibustiers was written by Alexandre Olivier Exquemelin. Time Period Visual categories Emblems (Allegorical pictures) Provenance/Donor Acquired in Owner and copyright ©John Carter Brown Library, Box 1894, Brown University, Providence, R.I geographic area Caribbean Islands Subject Area Artifacts, industry, and human activities Subject Area Indigenous peoples Subject headings Pirates Subject headings Emblems--America Subject headings Buccaneers