Good Morning! ► Pick-up bell ringer ► Test Tuesday ► Mini-Magazine due Tuesday

- skyscrapers : possible b/c of Bessemer Process & elevators Louis Sullivan: Frank L. Wright: -elevators: make skyscrapers practical -bridges— safer b/c of steel, can be bigger and longer -electric transit systems—Elevated trains, subways, streetcars make transporting city dwellers possible -urban planning: city parks: first recreational area emerge, landscaping in public areas Frederick Olmstead: idea of urban or city planning develops which includes outdoor areas Urban Technology: As cities grow, urban planning becomes a must! Well-known architects that designed skyscrapers

Inventions -first flight, Dec. 17, 1903 in Kitty Hawk, NC Wright Brothers -air mail— mail can be delivered quicker by plane -printing revolutions— improvements in the printing press, increased literacy, and mill production of cheap paper will allow publications like books, newspapers, and magazines to soar -photography was a professional activity before George Eastman developed the Kodak camera which created amateur photography -radio:Nikola Tesla

Public Education -growth of public education: first kindergarten develops, attendance increases -most city children could attend school, immigrants encouraged as part of Americanization -increase in high schools—economy and industry will demand more skilled and intelligent peoples -few opportunities for minorities: Less than 1% of blacks will attend high school Some black institutions and colleges begin to develop

Higher Education - Morrill Act, 1862 establishes land grant colleges focusing on agriculture and mechanics, aimed to reach new populations (farmers and working class) -only small number of college students -change in the curriculum of colleges— go from strictly liberal arts (general knowledge, literature, art, math, etc.) to research based institutions with emphasis on sciences and professional schools

Literature and Art-realism: life-like depiction Thomas Eakins (painter and realist) Ashcan School- realist art movement -art galleries, public libraries develop -Samuel Clemens aka Mark Twain humorous writings about mankind -Stephen Crane- Red Badge of Courage about a soldier Civil War -Jack London-The Call of the Wild based on gold rushes in Alaska -Dime Novels: short popular novels of adventure and fiction

Leisure Time -Amusement Parks Coney Island, NY -bicycle craze: leisure activity for men and women, gives women independence *signified freedom for women and helped introduce new more relaxed dress for females* -tennis: popular sport Leisure and sport activities lead to snacks and brand names: -Hershey bars -Coca-Cola, Pepsi

Sports/Entertainment -baseball: started as pick-up and rules made it professional, NYC first baseball club, by 1876 NL and 1900 AL, st world series -boxing: another popular sport of entertainment of the time -vaudeville, circus: song, dance, juggling, comedy, etc. -ragtime music: mix of slave spirituals and European music John Roache's Ragtime MIDI Library - "The Maple Leaf Rag" -motion pictures: known as the silver screen, silent film in 10 min. segments

Sports/Entertainment

Mass Media -Yellow journalism made-up exaggerated stories to encourage people to buy newspaper sensationalism promotions **Competition develops between Pulitzer and Hearst to see who can sale the most papers = even more fabrication** -Joseph Pulitzer immigrant, NY World -William Randolph Hearst NY Journal

Retail Revolution -shopping centers are located where mass transit can bring people which create special areas in cities -department stores- idea of departments and bargain shopping “Give the woman what she wants” -chain stores- quantity over personal service -advertising— industry takes off, uses flyers to advertise, newspapers, magazines, billboards) -mail order catalogs bring shopping to the rural by catalog --creation of Rural Free Delivery via US Postal service

Mini-Magazine ► You now have ALL the information you need to complete your mini-magazine ► Pictures and color will = Extra Credit ► DUE TOMORROW! ► TEST TOMORROW!

Urban TechnologyInventions Leisure TimeSports & Entertainment

EducationLiterature and Art Mass MediaRetail Revolution