WATER STRESS Low moisture availability High demand (heat, wind, excess N) Low capacity (poor root system)

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Livestock/Perennial grass/Row crops-a solution? University of Florida, Auburn University, UGA, National Soil Dynamics Laboratory, National Peanut Laboratory,

Advertisements

Biomass & soil quality Patricia Bruneau (SNH) with contribution from Willie Towers (MLURI) Soils in Scotland / Soil quality Biomass production impacts.

Blueberry Irrigation andSoil Moisture Management Rong Zhou President of Mini Rain Company Deputy Director of China Irrigation Association.

By C. Kohn, WUHS Based on “Botany Basics”, a module by Oregon State Univ.

Grape Physiology Section 3 Stomata Photosynthesis.

Optimizing Crop Management Practices with DSSAT. Our Goal With increasing population and climate change, the ability to maximize crop production is essential.

Stress Management. Outline l What is stress and how does it affect potato plants? l How does stress impact external tuber quality? l How does stress impact.

Harvest Operations Tuber bulking vs vine kill timing Equipment operation Crop maturity Vine killing Bruise susceptibility.

Irish Potato. Key concepts Tuber versus root versus bulb Potato domestication and spread Potato use Seed pieces Hilling & mulching Harvesting Potato &

Introduction to Crop Injury. Outline What is a noninfectious disorder? Differences between noninfectious disorders and disease Symptoms and what to look.

 Constant warmth and rainfall provides the home to most of the species on Earth.  > 70% of all terrestrial species  Question:  How does the structure.

Self Guided Presentation Best Management Practices For Retail/Wholesale Businesses Selling Lawn Fertilizer Provided by Suffolk County.

EFFECT OF SELECT YIELD IMPROVEMENT PROJECTS ON POTATO YIELDS “NB Potato Industry Transformation Initiative”

Winter Kill Eliminating the myth of covering greens All information gathered from the USGA, and the following Universities –Florida –Arizona –Clemson.

Understanding Soil Chemistry

Module X: Soil Moisture Relationships and Irrigation Lesson 1: Soil Moisture Relationships After completing this lesson, you have learned to answer 1.What.

Lecture 2: Grape Composition and Ripening: Viticulture from the Plant’s Perspective.

New Legislation Act 148 – Water use reporting, mapping of groundwater information, consider need for addition legislation Act 177 – Water use conflict.

Growing Houseplants.

Louisiana Yards and Neighborhoods Common Landscape Diseases Common Landscape Diseases

Phosphorus Cycle Geochemical Cycles continued. Objectives: Describe the process of cycling phosphorus throughout environment. Describe the role that fertilizer.

Student Learning Objectives 1. Describe fertilization practices for turfgrass. 2. Explain proper mowing procedures. 3. Discuss water practices for turfgrass.

By: Courtney Whitacre Potato Production and Precision Agriculture.

Making sure we can handle the extremes! Carolyn Olson, Ph.D. 90 th Annual Outlook Forum February 20-21, 2014.

 Water  Nutrition  Temperature (High and Low)  Light and Day Length.

Fruit & Vegetable Production Unit for Plant Science Core Curriculum

Physiological disorders of citrus

Physiological Disorder of Squash Presented to :Dr. Nihad Alsmairat Done by: Eman R. Al-Junaidi.

Measuring Forest Sustainability: How Forest Harvesting Affects Key Indicators of Soil Quality Alicia L. Kiyvyra FS 533.

DRAINAGE REQUIREMENT IN BANANA NextEnd. INTRODUCTION  Poor drainage is a major cause of reduced yield and quality of bananas.  In many cases, the effects.

Lesson C4–1 Understanding the Importance of Water in Plant Growth

 Soil Fertility  Ability of a soil to provide nutrients for plant growth  Involves storage and availability of nutrients  Vital to a productive soil.

Growing Corn Moldova 2015 The Most Important Thing You Need to Learn at This Seminar!  “As to the methods there may be a million and then some, but.

UNIT 16: PLANTS Chapters L.14.7.

MANAGING Tough Times Irrigation 101 Maximizing the value of Irrigation Kris Kohl ISU Extension Ag Engineer.

Role and deficiency symptoms of Nitrogen in grape

Small Grain Water Use Montana Small Grain Guide. Water - Nitrogen Relationship u Studies show that without adequate Nitrogen, wheat & barley yields increase.

Role and Deficiency symptoms of “Phosphorous” in Banana End Next.

How Plants Grow & Respond to Disturbance. Succession & Disturbance  Community change is driven by successional forces: Immigration and establishment.

How Plants Grow & Respond to Disturbance. Succession & Disturbance  Community change is driven by successional forces: Immigration and establishment.

After successful completion of this Lesson, you have learned to answer: 1.What characteristics of sorghum contribute to its adaptation to dry conditions?

Crown rot symptoms in alfalfa Verticillium, Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, Pythium, Phoma, Mycoleptodiscus, Stagonospora, and Macrophomina.

Supervisor: Dr. Mary W K Mburu

Primary Cultural Practices. Mowing Fertilization Irrigation.

Soybeans!!!. Soil Fertility -pH of 6.2 to 7.0 -pH controls: lime (acid), anhydrous ammonia (base) -Potassium lbs. per acre -Phosphorous -.8 lbs.

BMPs for Water Conservation Frank Henning Watershed Extension Agent.

Unit 2:Plants. Essential Questions How do plants obtain water and nutrients needed for survival? How do plants obtain water and nutrients needed for survival?

Potato Variety Response to Phosphorus Fertilizer Mike Thornton, Deron Beck, Jeff Stark and Bryan Hopkins.

Nursery Management and Seedling Production

NextEnd IRRIGATION SCHEDULING AND TECHNIQUES IN POTATO.

The Fabulous World of Soil Soil What is it? What is it made of?

Agriculture and the Changing Climate: Resilience in Uncertain Times Kim McCracken NRCS State Soil Scientist November 7, 2015.

PLANT PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS. Introduction There are several symptoms that show on plant leaves, stems and flowers that are not caused by pests or diseases.

PRINCIPLES FOR PREVENTING DAMAGE AND DISEASE IN PLANTATION FORESTS.

AGSC 231 Principles of Agronomy Fertilization - I By S.K. Yau, revised April 2010.

PLANT ROOT SYSTEM. Plant Parts Both systems depend on the other. Lacking chloroplasts and living in the dark, roots would starve without the sugar and.

Heat and Drought Stress in Potatoes Xi Liang Aberdeen Research & Extension Center, Aberdeen, ID

Structure and Adaptations Unit B: Plants for Food and Fibre Science 7 Mr. Weller.

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS. LIGHT Turf needs at least 4 hours of full sun Bermudagrass 6 hours Bermudagrass 6 hours –‘Tifgrand’ and ‘Celebration’ 60% shade.

Environmental Factors

Environmental Requirements for Good Plant Growth

Role and deficiency symptoms of potassium in Mango

Plants need certain things to be able to grow.

The Do's and Don'ts of Watering.

The Do's and Don'ts of Watering.

INTRODUCTION TO PLANT PATHOLOGY

The process in which an embryo sporophyte resumes growth after a period of dormancy is ________. germination budding phototropism senescence

Translocation and Transpiration

Plant Structure and Function

Presentation transcript:

WATER STRESS Low moisture availability High demand (heat, wind, excess N) Low capacity (poor root system)

STRESS-RELATED PROBLEMS Requirements for Expression Susceptible variety + Stress conditions Potato Production Systems

IMPACT OF RESISTANCE ON STRESS MANAGEMENT Intensity of Management Required Resistance LevelInput Level HighLowModerate LowHigh

RUSSET BURBANK Common DefectsStress MalformationsHeat, drought Growth cracksMoisture stress, erratic growth Sugar endsHeat Hollow heartCold soil, low tuber set Vascular disc.Rapid vine kill, heat Low solidsHeat, early death Potato Production Systems

COMMON DISORDERS Potato Production Systems

During stress low availability of sugars and the imbalance in top/tuber growth can temporarily stop tuber growth. When growth resumes, it occurs at the site of most active cell growth. The end result is malformed tubers that may have knobs Around the eyes and bud end is where growth resumes

SHAPE Related to time of stress  Bottleneck bud end = late season stress  Bottleneck stem end = early season stress Consistent supply of water and nitrogen is the main key to management.

How does stress impact internal tuber quality? Potato Production Systems

Source: Kincaid et al., 1993 R 2 = 0.42 Irrigation Frequency Relationship between soil temperature and sugar ends

WE 75.7% 36.6% 50.4% 63.4% 0” 8” 4” Percentage of 10 Tuber Sample with Sugar Ends Impact of row orientation on Russet Burbank quality

CAUSES OF QUALITY PROBLEMS  Wide fluctuations or deficiencies of:  water  temperature  nutrients

DON’T CONTRIBUTE TO ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS WITH MANAGEMENT STRESS! Poor root development  Compaction and late cultivation Poor vine development  Erratic stands and early senescence Excess vine development - Too much N

1 ft SOURCE: MODIFIED FROM WEAVER (1926) 2 ft 3 ft Healthy potato root system Compaction layer Root Pruning

HOW DOES A STAND LIKE THIS IMPACT SOIL TEMPERATURE? Photo courtesy of W. Bohl

EARLY VINE DEATH ALSO LEADS TO WARMER SOIL TEMPERATURES AT END OF SEASON

EXCESS NITROGEN FERTILITY CAN LEAD TO AN IMBALANCE IN VINE AND ROOT GROWTH