Potential for Global Harmonization of EV Charging Gery J. Kissel Engineering Specialist, General Motors SAE J1772™ Task Force Leader November 17, 2010

PHEV / EV Global Volume Estimate Importance of harmonization increases with vehicle volume.

Charging Needs Each type of vehicle has unique charging needs: Plug in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Very limited electric range – small battery 5-10 kw hr Charge power 1-3 kw Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) Increased electric range – medium battery 10-20 kw hr Charge power up to 6 kw Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) All electric range – large battery >20kw hr Charge power > 6 kw

Charging Needs

Charging Standards IEC 61851 PEV Conductive Charging System J1772TM PEV Conductive Charge Coupler IEC 62186 Industrial plugs and socket-outlets

ISO/IEC JWG Communication Standards ISO/IEC Road vehicles — Communication protocol between electric vehicle & grid - document structure Layer ISO / IEC 15118-1 Vehicle to grid communication interface Part 1: General information and use-case definition ISO / IEC 15118-2 Vehicle to grid communication interface Part 2: Technical protocol description and Open Systems Interconnections (OSI) layer requirements 7 Application 6 Presentation Similar to SAE J2836™/1 Similar to SAE J2836™/1 5 Session 4 Transport Similar to SAE J2847/1 Similar to SAE J2847/1 3 Network ISO / IEC 15118-3 Vehicle to grid communication interface Part 3: Wired physical and data link layer requirements 2 Data Link Similar to SAE J2931/1 Similar to SAE J2931/1 1 Physical S259 - SAE ISO and IEC Standards Summary Rich Scholer 10/26/2010

NA / Japan / Korea / Australia AC Charging Connector AC Connector: IEC 62196-2 EU AC Connector: SAE J1772™ NA / Japan / Korea / Australia AC Connector: China Type 1: Type 2: Type 3:

AC Charging Connector IEC 62196-2 Type 2 Derivatives: 3 Types of Type 2 IEC 62196-2 Type 3 Derivatives: 2 Types of Type 3

AC Charging Connector IEC 62196-2 And SAE J1772™ Harmonization IEC 62196-2 Type 1 and SAE J1772™ are common connectors IEC 62196-2 Types 1,2,3 and SAE J1772™ have common control signals IEC 62196-2 Allows For Variation Power Grid: single phase and 3 phase infrastructure Country Specific Regulations: protective shutters, etc Fixed or loose charge cables China Unique Connector And Controls

AC Charging Coupler IEC 62196-2 Types 1,2,3 And SAE J1772™ Have Common Control Signals Vehicle charging control modules and software can be common between EU and NA. Vehicle charging control modules and software development and validation is costly! Connectors are inexpensive compared to hardware and software development and validation so different connector shapes are not significant. However the fewer connectors the better! China Standard Different controls and connector will require unique software development and validation.

DC Charging Connector-”Fast Charge” DC Connector: IEC 62196-3 EU DC Connector: SAE J1772™ NA DC Connector: CHADEMO Japan DC Connector: China Working to harmonize: Type 1 or Type 2 “core”, adding DC contacts DC contact location and other physical features are common Common control signals

DC Charging Connector-”Fast Charge” IEC 62196-3 and SAE J1772™ Have Common Control Signals and Overall Physical Shape Japan CHADEMO Has Unique Control Signals and Overall Physical Shape China Standard Has Unique Control Signals and Overall Physical Shape

Charging Connector Summary AC charging harmonized sufficiently except for China EU working to reduce the number of connector Types Will reduce complexity DC charging connectors have harmonization potential Reduce number of different connectors Harmonize controls