‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Igor Gershovich Connected Testing, Inc.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 About Connected Testing, Inc Connected Testing is an independent consulting company specializing in Test Automation and Performance Testing We are located in Denver, Colorado, USA We have extensive experience across a range of industries including Financial Services, Healthcare, Aerospace, Transportation, Telecommunications

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Overview Test Automation Myths Return on Investment (ROI) Frameworks

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Test Automation Myths

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Myth #1 - Test Automation is simple, that every tester can do it This myth is promoted by the tool sales people. They are trying to promote the following test automation process: –Record the script –Enhance the script by adding functions and data driving –Run the scripts –Report results Under the influence of this myth the QA manager can proudly report: All our testers are developing test automation.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Reality - Test automation is a software development task Automation should be designed, developed and tested You need to have some kind of a programming background to implement test automation. Test Automation is not as complex as C++/C#/Java development. Test automation standards should be developed Automated test components are assets that should be treated like application source code

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Myth #2 – Commercial test tools are expensive Under the influence of this myth some companies, especially the small ones: –Try to develop their own test automation tools –Use scripting languages like Perl and Ruby –Use shareware test tools –Do not consider test automation at all

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Reality – Commercial tools are cheap Per seat license for the most expensive automation tool is $8K This tool will be used for 5 years. Maintenance/Support fees are 20% of tool cost or $1,800 per year The cost of this tool is $8K/5+$1,800 = $3,100 per year The automation developer cost with overhead is $100K per year The cost of this tool is just 3% of the person who uses it, but productivity gain can be very significant

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Commercial Tool Benefits: Customer support. Many of the open source tools come and go with little to no support Most commercial tools are constantly being updated as technologies change Most commercial tools usually have more functionality (QTP can test various GUI applications: Web,.Net, Java, VB, C/C++, PowerBuilder, etc. vs. WATIR – Web only) Commercial tools usually have a large community of users, which translates into better availability of qualified resources Commercial tools require less advanced programming More test automation frameworks are available for commercial tools Commercial tools are integrated with Test Management tools which makes reporting and execution much simpler.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Over 300 Test Tools are available ( Load/Performance tools – 54 Web Functional/Regression – 60 Java Test tools - 48 Other Web tools – 76 Which tool is right for you?

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Some Requirements for Tool evaluation Technologies that should be supported Available training and documentation Cost Support Distributed execution Non-proprietary language Tool Audience (The skills of people involved in test automation) Easy to maintain automated tests with a central repository

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Main Reasons for Test Automation failures Lack of Management Support Inexperienced Test Automation staff Over-engineering

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Think of yourself like a business Facts: –Average IT job tenure is about 2 years –Competitive intensity is rising What you should do: –Invest your time/money in learning mainstream automation –Create a niche for yourself - add Configuration Management, Performance Testing or Project Management to your skillset –Market yourself

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Absolutely Unscientific research: Employer demand by tool expertise May, 2008 and Aug, 2009

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Dice.com search results across US (30 days) ToolSearch stringMatches May, 08 Matches Aug, 09 QTPQtp OR quicktest OR "quick test“ Functional Tester "rational robot" OR "functional tester” SilkTestsilktest OR "silk test”8631 TestPartnertestpartner OR "test partner“1918 WATIRwatir OR watiN or WatiJ2628 Selenium Total22% decline from May, 08 to Aug,

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 IDC Report: “Worldwide Automated Software Quality Forecast and 2006 Vendor Shares…”

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Return On Investment (ROI)

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Classic ROI Calculation ROI = BENEFIT/COST Automation Cost = Price Of HW + Price of SW + Development Cost + Maintenance Cost + Execution Cost Manual Testing Cost = Development Cost + Maintenance Cost + Execution Cost ROI = (Manual Testing Cost - Automation Cost)/Automation Cost Looks right, Doesn’t it?

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Problems with Classic ROI Calculation You can’t compare Automated Testing and Manual Testing. They are not the same and they provide different information about the AUT. You can’t compare cost of multiple execution of automated tests vs. manual tests. You would never dream of executing that many test cases manually.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Automation Real ROI  ROI value IS NOT the value of Automation vs. Cost of executing these tests manually  Automation ROI value IS the benefit of this type of testing, and it can be:  Reducing Time to Market  Increased Test Efficiency (Productivity)  Increased Test Effectiveness

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Reduced Time to Market Can get a greater market share Makes people available to work on other projects Higher margins, if no competitive products are currently available

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Productivity and Effectiveness More testing gets done faster, increasing the odds of finding defects Defects found early have better chances of being fixed Manual Testers can concentrate on clever ways to finding defects, instead of typing test inputs and verify output. About 7% of bug fixes create new bugs, sometimes in already tested parts of the system. With automation you can rerun tests for those modules. This almost never happens when testing is done manually.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Example: 2-week Regression 1 st week 2 nd week Manual TestingBug Fixes/ New Build Spot-check Manual Regression 1 st week 2 nd week Automated and Manual Testing – 1 st Run Automated Regression Bug Fixes/ New Build Automated and Manual Testing – 2 nd Run

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Advantages of automated regression testing 2 full regression runs Most of bugs were found early and have a better chance to be fixed Result: –Better quality –much happier customer

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 ROI summary Each project requires different types of automation - there is often no easy formula available to calculate ROI Performing ROI calculation can help to determine upfront what type of automation, what level of skills, what tools will be required.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Automation Frameworks

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Test Automation Framework A Test Automation Framework is a set of assumptions, concepts and tools that provide support for Automated Software Testing. A correctly implemented Test Automation Framework can further improve ROI by reducing the development and maintenance costs.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Types of Test Automation Frameworks Modular Data-Driven Keyword–Driven Model-Based

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Modular framework The Modular framework is the natural progression derived from Record-and-Playback The modular framework seeks to minimize repetition of code by grouping similar actions into “modules” (e.g.: login) Test Data is in a script or in an internal table This is what tool sales people are promoting.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Data-Driven/Keyword Driven These frameworks are similar in that the data is separated from the test script The script is just a "driver" or delivery mechanism for the data. The difference: –In keyword-driven testing, the navigation data and test data are contained in the data source –In data-driven testing, only test data is contained in the data source.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Model-Based testing Model-based testing is software testing in which test cases are derived in whole or in part from a model that describes some (usually functional) aspects of the system. Model-based testing for complex software systems is still an evolving field.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 We’ll be concentrating on Keyword-Driven testing since it is the most beneficial framework for large-scale test automation.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Advantages of Keyword-Driven Test automation This Framework addresses the most common problem with test automation: Automation Engineers do not have domain knowledge and the End Users (Subject Matter Experts/Test Engineers) usually do not have automation expertise. When properly implemented and maintained, it presents a superior ROI because each business event is designed, automated and maintained as a discrete entity. Keywords can then be used to design test cases, but the design and automation overhead for the keyword has already been paid.

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Advantages of Keyword-Driven Test automation Reduced the cost and time spent maintaining and updating tests The modular structure of keyword-driven testing means that new tests can easily be created from pre-existing modules The test team is capable of entirely automating tests, even without programming knowledge Can be easily modified to use with different test tool Reusability across different projects

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Classic Keyword-Driven Example ObjectActionData Textfield (username)Enter Text

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Example of Test Data for Keyword-Driven test automation developed by Connected Testing Inc. for TestComplete and QTP

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Resources “Everything you want to know about Test Automation…” by Brian Le Suer “Manager’s Guide to GUI Test Automation” by Yury Makedonov “The ROI of Test Automation” by Michael Kelly “What is my ROI?” by mVerify Corporation SQA Forums “An Overview of Test Automation Frameworks” by Nathaniel Ritmeyer “The benefits of keyword-based software test automation” by David W. Johnson Wikipedia

‘09 Madrid, 27th-29th of October 2009 Igor Gershovich Company: Connected Testing, Inc. Phone: Website: