Birth Control, Safer Sex and STI’s A Quick Review

Reminder: Teen Clinic Free! Confidential! Serves females and males up to age 20 Services involving: Pregnancy testing, STI & HIV testing, birth control/condoms/Plan B, and yearly exams Did I mention free?!

Sexually Transmitted Infections Why say “STI” instead of “STD?” Infection “sounds” better. Disease sounds scary, permanent, dangerous, fatal, etc. Infection fits what it is better – more medically accurate. All are treatable, some are curable. Infection better infers that you can pass it from person to person. STI’s are common – you’re not doomed for life! Not that anyone wants one, but you can still have a normal, healthy, sex life. STD has a social stigma (bad, taboo, etc.). In using “STI” we normalize the term – again, they’re common. They’re not necessarily “no big deal,” but we can prevent, treat, and cure (some) them.

Sexually Transmitted Infections What are the three categories of STIs? Bacteria – Treatable and curable (Anti-biotics), lives “off of you,” but doesn’t have to. Virus – Needs the body to live in, won’t live long outside of the body (usually seconds). Parasites – Like to live in warm, dark, moist areas, even outside of the body (i.e. Wet towels, loofah sponge, bathing suit, dirty underwear, etc.).

Sexually Transmitted Infections Virus Herpes (HSV I, HSV II) HIV Human Papillomavirus (HPV; Genital Warts) Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Bacteria Chlamydia Gonorrhea Syphilis Parasites Pubic Lice (Crabs) Trichomoniasis (Trich)

STIs - Transmission Blood Fluids (Semen, Vaginal Secretions) Pregnancy (Vaginal Birth, Breastfeeding) Skin to Skin

STIs - Transmission Blood HIV Syphilis Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Skin to Skin Herpes HPV Syphilis [Pubic Lice & Trich] Fluids Chlamydia Gonorrhea HIV Syphilis Trich Pregnancy HIV Syphilis

STIs - Testing - Why even discuss this? - What types of tests are there? Visual – HPV (low risk), Crabs, Herpes Urine – Chlamydia, Gonorrhea Waft – Trich Skin Cell Sample – Pubic Lice, Trich, Herpes Rapid Test – HIV Blood – Syphilis, HIV, Herpes, Hep A, Hep B, Hep C Pap/Cervical swab – HPV (high risk)

STIs – Treatment (CURE?) Antibiotics, Penicillin - Syphilis Antibiotics, Zithromax – Chlamydia, Gonorrhea Antivirals – HIV, Herpes, Hepatitis Creams, chapsticks – Herpes (sores only) Creams, freeze/burn off – HPV (sores only) Oral Meds – Trich Self-Clear – Hepatitis A Shampoo – Pubic lice

STIs - Prevention Abstinence Get tested/Know your status Communicate with your partner Know your partner’s sexual history (STI status, # of partners, etc.) Use medications/treatments; use fully and correctly Condoms (male) Other Barrier Methods – Female Condoms, Dental Dams, Gloves Vaccinations C-section, breastfeeding

What do you think?

The ABC’s of Prevention A bstinence B eing with one negative partner C ondoms

The Most Common STIs Chlamydia (reportable, curable) HPV (non-curable) Trich (non-reportable)

What else do we need to remember?

You don’t have to look…

Genital Herpes

Leisions

Genital Herpes (?)

Herpes

Human Papilloma Virus warts Note: Most carriers are asymptomatic

Chlamydia Most common Reportable STI in Boulder Co.

Chlamydia is the most frequently reported infectious disease in the United States. An estimated 3 million cases occur annually.

Gonorrhea Discharge

Gonorrhea Discharge

Ectopic Pregnancy Both Gonorrhea & Chlamydia can cause future fertility problems in women. Chlamydia can lead to Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. PID can lead to an ectopic pregnancy (among other complications). Possible scarring or blockage of fallopian tubes Chlamydia Gonorrhea

Gonococcal Urethritis (LT effect of untreated gonorrhea)

Primary Syphilis Chancre

Secondary Syphilis

Crabs Under the microscope.

Female Crab Louse

Lice in pubic area

Trichomoniasis

Birth Control & Safer Sex

What are the two types, and what do they DO? Barrier: Prevents contact with and/or exchange of body fluids. Hormonal: Stops a woman from ovulating and thickens cervical mucous.

Birth Control & Safer Sex Method activity – What did we look at? Name What it is/How you use it Pros/Cons – Effectiveness, cost, ease of use, accessibility, etc. Good method for teens? Good protection against STI’s? Pregnancy?

Birth Control & Safer Sex Barriers - Name them. Male Condom Reality/Female Condom Dental Dam/Sex Dam Diaphragm Latex Gloves Spermicides (Foams, Jellies, Films, Suppositories, etc.)

Birth Control & Safer Sex Hormonal - Name them. Birth Control Pill Birth Control Patch - Ortho Evra Nuva Ring Depo Provera Implanon IUD – Mirena Plan B (Emergency Contraception)

Abstinence

Barriers Diaphragm

Dental Dam/Sex Dam Latex Gloves

Male Condom They WILL Fit!

Barriers Reality/Female Condom

Lubrication (Aids w/ barrier methods) Water Based!

Hormonal Methods Birth Control Pills Ortho Evra (Patch)

Nuva Ring Depo Provera Implanon

Inter Uterine Device (IUD) Mirena

Plan B – Emergency Contraception

Questions???