The Industrial Revolution Essential Question: What caused the Industrial Revolution and how did it change the world?

Before the Industrial Revolution ▪ People lived on farms or in small towns ▪ Agriculture was the most important part of the economy ▪ Goods that people needed were usually made by hand

The Industrial Revolution Begins ▪ Began in Great Britain in 1760s – Economy was growing rapidly due to trade and colonies ▪ Colonies provided raw materials and also people to buy the produced goods – Wealthy businesspeople invested money in factories ▪ Shift in the way manufactured goods were produced: produced by machines in large factories rather than by hand in people’s homes and small shops

The Textile Industry ▪ Textile industry: the making of cloth ▪ Was the leading industry in Britain in 1760s ▪ Instead of spinning and weaving by hand in homes, inventions made it possible to produce more cloth more quickly – Spinning jenny – Mills – Steam engines ▪ People now had to leave their homes to go work in factories

Inventions ▪ Spinning jenny ▪ Mills ▪ Steam engines ▪ Farm machines ▪ Railroad cars ▪ Steam-driven machines

Life during the Industrial Age Factory Work ▪ Very hard ▪ hours a day were spent in factory ▪ Noisy and dirty ▪ Same simple task, all day long ▪ Dangerous; poor pay ▪ Child labor Industrial Towns ▪ Dirty – soot covered everything ▪ Rarely had indoor plumbing ▪ Many families sharing small spaces and one bathroom ▪ Garbage, rats, dogs ▪ Poisonous air and water ▪ Minor diseases could be fatal

Effects of the Industrial Revolution ▪ Labor unions – organizations that helped workers bargain with employers to improve their pay and working conditions ▪ New jobs and more jobs – more people were able to move into the middle class – Had more money to purchase products that made life easier ▪ Spread to other nations in Europe and to the United States ▪ Huge increase in the amount and variety of goods available to ordinary people ▪ Relied less on farms, moved into cities – used money to get what they needed

Child Labor ▪ Small size was helpful in factories or mines ▪ Easier to manage and control ▪ Could be paid less ▪ Lost education ▪ Long hours, hot and stuffy, poorly lit, overcrowded, harmful conditions, harsh punishment ▪ Mill girls – young women who left their family farms to work in textile factories – Had very strict rules for living – wake-up and meal schedule, boarding houses, curfew

The Lorax by Dr. Seuss tch?v=soRbNlPbHEo While listening and watching, think about how the story can represent the Industrial Revolution.

The Lorax and the Industrial Revolution ▪ What do the truffula trees symbolize? ▪ What does the thneed represent? ▪ What happened to the truffula trees? ▪ What is the moral of the story?

2012 London Olympics ▪ ▪ In what ways does this represent the Industrial Revolution?