ISNI and VIAF Transforming ways of trustfully consolidating identities Anila ANGJELI – Bibliothèque nationale de France & ISNI-IA ISNI ISNI Andrew MAC EWAN – British Library & ISNI-IA ISNI ISNI Vincent BOULET – Bibliothèque nationale de France & VIAF Council ISNI ISNI

1978 : First discussions on an International authority file within IFLA 1978 : First discussions on an International authority file within IFLA 2003 : Research prototype (LC, DNB) 2003 : Research prototype (LC, DNB) 2007 : BnF joined VIAF 2007 : BnF joined VIAF 2012 : New governance 2012 : New governance – service – VIAF Council 2012 : Open data 2012 : Open data 2014 : New criteria for joining VIAF (to be published) 2014 : New criteria for joining VIAF (to be published) International Authority control Reaffirming and innovating UBC principles 41institutions and projects 41 institutions and projects 26 M clusters from 38 M authority records Free joining, free using !

- federate and compare authority data −Complete data for some partners : -sparse and undifferentiated −Incorrect data producing duplicate clusters −etc. International Authority control Reaffirming and innovating UBC principles All provided data is visible ☛ Clustering and exposure increases awarenes on the quality of the data provided ☛ Partners get more responsible for what they provide - interconnect - increase visibility on the web - share knowledge - expose as Linked Open Data - share expertise Quality of data is also visible!

① ② ③ ⑥ Clustering quality depends on source data Search: Bethmann-Hollweg, Moritz

… and the libraries A unique number, that everyone in the world could use to identify the same person or corporate body! … an alluring idea, proposed over and over FRANAR IFLA FRANAR IFLA group charged: To study the feasibility of an International Standard Authority Data Number (ISADN) over the past 40 years 11 years ago FRANAR FRANAR group recommended: « IFLA should continue to monitor the progress of efforts of the ISO ISNI Working Group and the VIAF Project and any potential numbering that may result from those efforts. IFLA member institutions should also actively seek to influence the ISNI with a view to identifying common purposes with other communities. » 5 years ago Reaffirming and innovating UBC principles

ISO 2779: International Standard Name Identifier (approved in 2009, published in 2012) 2 years ago ISNI public database LIVE (with 1 million identities) 3 years ago ISNIInternational Agency ISNI International Agency 4 years ago Bibliothèque nationale de France Founding members represented by ≈ 8 million ISNIs Assigned and diffused in datasets Other members: ProQuest, CISAC, IFRRO, SCAPR Now as ISNI Assignement Agency … and the libraries Reaffirming and innovating UBC principles

+ + confidence - - confidence Quality Team ISNI Assignment AgencyIdentifier  No Sparse  No Undifferentiated 7,98 million Assigned data policy control & curation Music rights Performers rights Text rights Research Professional societies Trade Encyclopedic Library data not covered by authority files Reaffirming and innovating UBC principles ~ 10,3 Million Unassigned possible matches andprovisional collaboratively consolidating identities at universal scale

International IDs focused on specific communities of users Local IDs (each institution system has its own local ID) GND (Germany DNB + cooperative) IdRef (French universitites cooperative) International Standard Global Cross-domain IPI International CISAC authors/compo sers IPD International IPDA performers Linking layers of identifiers IDs operating at regional or consortium level DAI (Netherlands) ORCID researchers VIAF ID libraries + Rights management (performers) French universities’ libraries Research institutions French public libraries + ARK ID (authority files) NACO (LC + cooperative) Dutch institutions Rights management (authors, composers) German libraries + Publishers Rights management (text) NACO member libraries EXAMPLESEXAMPLES

7,98million 7,98 million ISNI identifiers assigned 6,74 million VIAF clusters contain ISNIs Coverage of VIAF clusters with ISNIs June 2014 Quality Team ISNI Assignment Agency data policy data control data curation -not fulfilling ISNI assignment criteria: -partial, sparse, duplicate, etc. -good candidates but not yet assigned (on 26 M clusters, 21 M have only one source record)

Identity issues 2 Public Identities  1 VIAF cluster Le Carré, John (pseudonym) Cornwell, David John Moore (real name) Le Carré, John (pseudonym) Cornwell, David John Moore (real name)

Image from: ISNI Quality Team Cornwell, David John Moore (real name) Le Carré, John (pseudonym) Identity issues 1 person, 2 Public Identities  2 separate ISNIs Relationship is public

International Authority control but also a community around authority data a system - federate and compare - interconnect - share knowledge - share expertise From share to control, from control to share ☛ dialogue within the VIAF membership as a whole (VIAF Council) ☛ dialogue with the central VIAF system ☛ dialogue with one another ☛ Clustering and exposure increases awarenes on the quality of the data provided. Partners ☛ get more responsible for what they provide

Quality Team ISNI Assignment Agency UBC, VIAF and ISNI From share to control, from control to share reprocessingcontrol& Data curation ISNI identifiers and Notifications Monthly updates Libraries data (not from authority files) Music rights Performers rights Text rights Professional societies Research Trade Encyclopedic VIAF partners  Benefit directly from the quality work done by ISNI Quality Team  Participate at local level in a global enterprise of consolidating identities direct notificationsNotifications on -VIAF clustering errors -Errors in source data

Expanding the scope of UBC −federate authority data −interconnect −increase visibility on the web −expose as LOD Take advantage of: Interoperation global localnationalcommunity Quality Team NBA Local collections Knowledge on local identities a specialized domain a given country Expertise on Identities of the domain Outcomes the open, global environment the emergent technologies the new players, other than NBAs, entering the global scene Share control Share control Make UBC work in a distributed way Make UBC work in a distributed way − share knowledge − share expertise Learnings Principles, achievements − share knowledge − share expertise

Thank you for your attention! and be full players in innovating UBC! Anila ANGJELI Andrew MAC EWAN Vincent BOULET ISNI ISNI ISNI