Layers of the Earth Assignment #39

Earth’s Layers How are the earth’s layers similar to an egg? Shell = crust Layers (yolk,egg white) Limitations?

Make a model of the Layers of the Earth Using paper, make a pie-shaped piece to resemble the Earth. On the front, label the following: Inner core Outer core Lower Mantle Asthenosphere Lithosphere (includes Crust)

Outside of Foldable Lithosphere Asthenosphere Asthenosphere Lower Mantle Mantle Outer Core Outer Core Inner Core Inner Core

On the inside, we will put the following for each layer of the Earth: State of matter Elements Temperature Other

Outside of Foldable Lithosphere Asthenosphere Asthenosphere Lower Mantle Mantle Outer Core Outer Core Inner Core Inner Core

(part of mantle, includes the crust) Lithosphere (part of mantle, includes the crust) Asthenosphere (part of mantle) Mantle Outer core Inner core

Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel) Inner Core The center layer What is the state of matter? What elements make up the inner core? Temperature? solid Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel) 5000° C

Inner core Deepest layer, so…. greatest pressure Solid Nickel (Ni) and Iron (Fe) 5000° C

Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel) Outer Core The next layer after the inner core What is the state of matter? What elements make up the inner core? Temperature? Other? liquid Fe (Iron) and Ni (Nickel) 2200° C Due to flow of liquid metal, this gives Earth its magnetic field.

Outer core Liquid Nickel (Ni) and Iron (Fe) 2200° C Magnetic Field

Circulation of molten metal within Earth’s core helps to create a magnetic field. As a result, Earth has an immense magnetic field surrounding it, just as there is a magnetic field around a bar magnet.

Why is the inner core a solid and the outer core a liquid? The core of our Earth is tremendously hot. It is believed to have a temperature of 7,000° C. Pressure keeps the inner core a solid, but allows the outer core to be a melted, liquid state.

What 2 things increase as you travel towards the Earth’s center? Lithosphere Asthenosphere Asthenosphere Heat & Pressure Lower Mantle Mantle NOTE: In your journal, write what you see in red. This goes next to the foldable. Outer Core Outer Core Inner Core Inner Core

Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), and O (Oxygen) Mantle What is the state of matter? What elements make up the mantle? Temperature? solid Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), and O (Oxygen) 870° C

Lower Mantle solid Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), & O (Oxygen) 870° C

Asthenosphere The asthenosphere is just below the lithosphere. It is the upper part of the mantle. The asthenosphere is rock that flows slowly, like hot asphalt or peanut butter.

Plastic, flows like peanut butter Asthenosphere Upper layer of the mantle. What is the state of matter? Magma Convection Currents! Plastic, flows like peanut butter

Asthenosphere plastic Mg (Magnesium), Fe (Iron), Si (Silicon), & O (Oxygen) magma convection currents

O (Oxygen) and Si (Silicon) Lithosphere What is the state of matter? Includes the crust and a little of the upper mantle. The outermost layer of our Earth is called the crust. What elements make up the crust? Lava, mountains, water, least pressure, coolest solid O (Oxygen) and Si (Silicon)

Outside of Foldable Crust (solid) Lithosphere O (Oxygen) & Si (Silicon) Asthenosphere Lower Mantle Color a thin line on the outside of the foldable (top of Lithosphere) to represent the crust (shown in red here). Outer Core Inner Core

Outside of Foldable Mantle Lithosphere Asthenosphere Lower Mantle Outer Core Inner Core

Outside of Foldable Heat & Pressure Mantle Crust (solid) Lithosphere O (Oxygen) & Si (Silicon) Asthenosphere Heat & Pressure Lower Mantle Mantle Outer Core Inner Core