LIVE INTERACTIVE YOUR DESKTOP April 5, :30 p.m. – 8:00 p.m. Eastern time NES: Properties of Living Things: Searching for Life on Mars Presented by: Marti Phipps

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LIVE INTERACTIVE YOUR DESKTOP April 5, 2012 NES: Properties of Living Things: Searching for Life on Mars Presented by: Marti Phipps

Properties of Living Things: Searching for Life on Mars Presented by Marti Phipps

Are you currently a member of NASA Explorer Schools? Yes No 

National Standards Science as inquiry Chemical reactions Structure and function in living systems Cells and biological evolution Earth’s history

Objectives Students will: Form an operational definition of life. Conduct simulated experiments with soil samples similar to the experiments on the Mars Viking Lander. State relationships between three different soil samples using their operational definition of life. Make an inference about the possibility of life on Mars based on data obtained.

NASA Connection PD/Live/SearchingForLifeOnMars/Lookin g_For_Life.mov

Earth

Mars

Viking on Mars

Mars Rovers Spirit and OpportunityCuriosity

Rovers Spirit/Opportunity 2004 Sojourner 1997 Curiosity 2011

Let’s pause for questions from the audience.

Conditions for Life

Liquid water Elements needed for metabolism and reproduction Source of energy Suitable environmental conditions

Extremophiles Thermophiles in Grand Prismatic Spring, Yellowstone National Park Psychorophile bacteria

Living?

Conditions on Mars Average temperature: -81° to 5°C Atmosphere: Carbon dioxide and some water vapor Surface: Rocky, red dirt with dust storms

Water on Mars

Mars Meteorite

Is it Alive?

Discussion Questions What are some characteristics of living things? What are some characteristics of nonliving things? How are living things different from nonliving things?

Fundamental Criteria for Life Chart Criteria:

Fundamental Criteria for Life Chart Criteria: React to its environment? Criteria:

Fundamental Criteria for Life Chart Criteria: React to its environment? Criteria: Homeostasis? Criteria:

Fundamental Criteria for Life Chart Criteria: React to its environment? Criteria: Homeostasis? Criteria: Reproduce? Criteria:

Fundamental Criteria for Life Chart Criteria: React to its environment? Criteria: Homeostasis? Criteria: Reproduce? Criteria: Grow and develop? Criteria:

Fundamental Criteria for Life Chart Criteria: React to its environment? Criteria: Homeostasis? Criteria: Reproduce? Criteria: Grow and develop? Criteria: Obtain and use energy?

Let’s pause for questions from the audience.

Activity – Is it Alive? Warm Water ABC

Materials Sand or sandy soil sample 3 glass vials (baby food jars or beakers for soil samples) Sugar – 5 ml will be added to soil Instant active dry yeast – 5 ml will be added to 50 ml of soil Alka-Seltzer tablets, crushed – 1 tablet will be added to 50 ml of soil

More About Materials Hot water – enough to cover the top of the soil in all jars In regards to the hot water, make sure it is not hot enough to kill the yeast! Cups for distributing the water Enough magnifying lens so that each group can have at least one or more Copy of the student recording sheets

Data Charts

Procedures Jar 1: Fill with 50 mL of soil Add 5 mL sugar

Procedures Jar 2: Fill with 50 mL of soil Add 5 mL instant active dry yeast and 5 mL sugar

Procedures Jar 3: Fill with 50 mL of soil Add 5 mL sugar Add the crushed Alka-Seltzer

Results/Analysis What did you observe? Why were there different reactions in each cup? Do you think something was alive in any of the cups? Why?

Review What are the conditions for life?

Conditions for Life Liquid water Elements needed for metabolism and reproduction Source of energy Suitable environmental conditions

Review What are the conditions for life? What are the fundamental criteria for life?

Fundamental Criteria for Life Chart Criteria: React to its environment? Criteria: Homeostasis? Criteria: Reproduce? Criteria: Grow and develop? Criteria: Obtain and use energy?

Review What are the conditions for life? What are the criteria for life? What is an extremophile?

Extremophiles Thermophiles in Grand Prismatic Spring, Yellowstone National Park Psychorophile bacteria

Review What are the conditions for life? What are the criteria for life? What is an extremophile? Why do we continue to look for life?

Review What are the conditions for life? What are the criteria for life? What is an extremophile? Why do we continue to look for life? If life exists elsewhere in our solar system, where might it be?

Student PowerPoint

Extensions Getting There (Navigation and trajectory) Tricky Terrain (Investigating planetary soils) Lava Layering (Making and mapping a volcano) Mapping Mars (Geologic sequence of craters and river channels)

Where is the website? NASA’s Virtual Campus DestMars/destmarsLes5.pdf NASAExplorerSchools

MARS FOR EDUCATORS foreducators/

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