PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

USE: When an action started in the Past, but continues in the Present or the consequences are now.

1.I live in Chiclayo. 2.I lived in Chiclayo in I have lived in Chiclayo since 1990 Present Simple Past Simple Present Perfect Simple PAST PRESENT 1990 EXAMPLES 01

EXAMPLES I didn’t see her last week TODAY 2. I haven’t seen her since last week TODAY DID I SEE HER YESTERDAY ? 1. I DON’T KNOW 2. NO, YOU DIDN’T

GRAMMAR STRUCTURE I. AFFIRMATIVE S + HAVE / HAS + V PP + C II. NEGATIVE S + HAVEN’T / HASN’T + V PP + C III. QUESTIONS HAVE / HAS + S + V PP + C ? IV. SHORT ANSWERS YES, S + HAVE / HASNO, S + HAVEN’T / HASN’T

AUXILIARY HAVE In present perfect we use the auxialry HAVE and HAS S.P.CONTRACTIONSAUXILIARY II’veHaveHaven’t YOUYou’veHaveHaven’t HEHe’sHasHasn’t SHEShe’sHasHasn’t ITIt’sHasHasn’t WEWe’veHaveHaven’t YOUYou’veHaveHaven’t THEYThey’veHaveHaven’t

EXERCISES : AUXILIARY VERB HAVE AND HAS I. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH HAVE OR HAS 1.My sister ____ worked here since she was 20 years old. 2.Your car is very dirty, you _____ washed your car for 3 months. 3.We _____ played football for 3 hours 4.Peter _____ eaten anything today because he is ill. 5.The children _____ watched two movies this week. 6.____ she ever tried Suri? 7.The teacher ____ given us a lot of homework this month. 8._____ they cooked chicken this weekend? 9.My mother ____ told me to clean my woom twice this afternoon. 10. ____ Mark left? has hasn’t haven’t have has have Has has Have

EVER AND NEVER  EVER USE: IN QUESTIONS EXAMPLES: Have you ever eaten Mexican food? Have you ever jumped from a plane?  NEVER USE:IN STATEMENTS EXAMPLES: You have never eaten Mexican food She has ever jumped from a plane

EXERCISES : NEVER - EVER I. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH NEVER OR EVER 1.Has her mother _______ cooked Italian food? 2.They have _______ played rugby. 3.Have you _______ seen a play?. 4.We’ve _______ eaten worms. 5.He’s ________ driven a BMW. ever never II. USE THE PROMPTS TO WRITE QUESTIONS, AND THEN GIVE YOUR OWN ANSWERS Example: Have you ever seen a whale? Yes, I have / No, I have never seen a whale 1. A: see / Machu Pichu: ___________________________________? You: __________________________________ 2. A: play / in a band: ___________________________________? You: __________________________________ 3. A: ride / a porsche: ___________________________________? You: __________________________________ 4. A: eat / snake: ___________________________________? You: __________________________________ 5. A: break / your head: ___________________________________? You: __________________________________

JUST – ALREADY - YET  JUST (a short time ago) USE : IN AFFIRMATIVE AND QUESTIONS Examples: He has just finished his project (He finished it a short time ago) They have just taken their breakfast (They ate it a short time ago)  ALREADY (before than we expected) USE : IN AFFIRMATIVE AND QUESTIONS Examples: He has already finished his project (He finished it earlier than expected) They have already taken their breakfast (They ate it earlier than expected)  YET (before than we expected) USE : IN NEGATIVE AND QUESTIONS Examples: He hasn’t finished his project yet (He didn’t finish it) Have they taken their breakfast yet? (Did they eat it or not?)

EXERCISES : JUST – ALREADY - YET I. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH JUST, ALREADY OR YET 1.Has Sally cleaned her room _____ ? 2.We have ______ taken lunch, it was delicious. 3.He’s ________ watched this movie twice. 4.Have you booked the plane tickets _____? 5.You haven’t eaten chicken _____. 6.Sorry, I’m full. I’ve _______ taken breakfast. What is 6 am? 7.Has he _____ swum 1000 metres, he’s so tired. 8.They have ______ arrived. It’s too early. 9.My mother hasn’t cooked _______. 10.The teacher has ______ given us our homework. just already yet just already yet

FOR - SINCE  FOR + A PERIOD OF TIME Examples: They have worked in this institute for 10 months She has played the piano for 15 years fifteen minutes two months ten years a week a short time Hours five days six hours three weeks a long time  SINCE + A POINT IN TIME Examples: They have worked in this institute since January She has played the piano since 1995 June Last summer yesterday last month Christmas Wednesday I was ten eight o’clock my birthday 1992

EXERCISES : FOR - SINCE I. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH FOR OR SINCE 1.They have lived in USA ____ 25 years. 2.She hasn’t gone abroad _____ she was 5 years old. 3.Mark and Tom have been friends _____ a long time 4.Mrs Brown has worked in this school _____ My children have played football _______ 2 hours. 6.He hasn’t taken a shower _____ yesterday. 7.We have kept the secret ______ years. 8.He’s eaten a boiled egg everyday ______ he was in primary school. 9.My wife hasn’t cook Chinese food ______ nine moths. 10.I haven’t been in a concert ______ I went to U2 concert. for since for since

FINISHED AND UNFINISHED TIME We use finished time in Past Simple, Past Continuous and Past Perfect Examples: yesterday last night last week last month this morning this afertoon in summer when i was 10 in 1990 We use unfinished time in Present perfect Examples: today tonight this week this month this morning this afertoon This evening For 2 years Since I was 10