Do-Now Amendments Review Complete the worksheet “GUIDED READINGS The Amendments” in the packet. Use this graphic and your text to help you. Monday, December 15 th Agenda Do-Now Do-Now Notes Notes A History Fairytale A History Fairytale Worksheet on Federalists v. Anti-Federalists Worksheet on Federalists v. Anti-FederalistsHomework Checks and Balances Worksheet

REVIEW: What was the Constitutional Convention? Meeting in Philadelphia, Independence Hall to address problems with the A. of C. Meeting in Philadelphia, Independence Hall to address problems with the A. of C. Took <4 months to write Took <4 months to write –document in effect now for >200 yrs What does “E Pluribus Unum” mean? Latin for “Out of Many, One” Latin for “Out of Many, One” Purpose of a federal system of government Purpose of a federal system of government –like the one described in the Constitution!

The Great Seal of the United States

Why was James Madison the “Father of the Constitution”? James Madison James Madison –Quiet, educated VA man –History, government, philosophy, etc. –First to the convention –3 months early carrying “blueprint” –Est. gov’t to promote the good and restrict the bad in people What Purpose is stated in the preamble? Form a union to establish justice, peace, and protection Form a union to establish justice, peace, and protection Promote the liberty and welfare of its citizens Promote the liberty and welfare of its citizens

REVIEW: Agreements made at the Constitutional Convention… The Great Compromise The Great Compromise –How will the power be divided!? –What was the solution? The Three-Fifths Compromise The Three-Fifths Compromise –How will we determine representation!? –What was the solution?

The United States Constitution September 17, 1787 – The convention approved the final draft Goals set in the preamble: We the people of the United States of America, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

A History Fairytale The story of American FEDERALISM Once Upon a Time… In a far-away land called Philadelphia, delegates met to address the failure of the Articles of Confederation. This fabled meeting was known as the Constitutional Convention, and was intended for the revision of the articles. As fate would have it, they rewrote the entire government… Goal: To strengthen the national government –This was not a unanimous view, but hotly debated among delegates –Most recognized the need to strengthen the national government, but the question was:  How?... And how much?! –Remembering the stamp act, many feared that a strong central government would abuse it's powers as the King in England did. –Shays rebellion and other troubling events fresh in their minds, others felt the government needed to be strong in order to run the nation efficiently.

Happily Ever After… Not too hot, not too cold, not too mushy, not too hard, not too soft, not too small… the delegates needed a system of government that would suit the new nation just riiiiight… In the end they developed a balanced system called Federalism. And the delegates and the people they represented lived happily ever after. But its not over yet! Will they ever be able to convince such a divided group to ratify such a system? A History Fairytale The story of American FEDERALISM

The Delegates Create a Federal Government Federalism 1.A system of government that creates a central government and local state governments 2. The powers of the national and state governments are divided and balanced

Federalists - James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Jay - Favored ratification of constitution - Wanted strong but balanced federal govt. - Printed a series of articles in New York supporting ratification of the new Constitution that became known as the - Printed a series of articles in New York supporting ratification of the new Constitution that became known as the Federalist papers.Anti-federalists - Patrick Henry and Sam Adams, Thomas Jefferson - Patrick Henry and Sam Adams, Thomas Jefferson - Feared strong central govt. - Supported states rights - Proof was lack of Bill of Rights Federalists won but had to promise a Bill of Rights would be their first order of business. How did the Federalist and Anti-Federalists differ in their opinions?

How the Powers are Divided Delegated Powers National / Federal Reserved Powers StateConcurrentPowersShared Declare war Establish peace Weights & measures Negotiate treaties Immigration /Naturalization Establish Post Offices Interstate Commerce Schooling / Education License professionals Charter businesses Marriage/Divorce laws Regulate intrastate trade Health and safety Punish lawbreakers Tax Establish courts

8. Representation in the House of Representatives is based on the ___________ of the state. 9. The head of the House of Representatives is the ___________________. 10. Senators must be at least ____ years old, ____ years a U.S. Citizen, and live in the _________ from which they are elected. 11. Senators serve a ____ year term. 12. The Senate has ________ representation. (____Senators from each State.) 13. The head of the Senate is the _____________. 14. The Executive Branch ____________ laws. 15. Presidents must be > ____ years old, a ________ U.S. Citizen, and have lived in the U.S. ____ years. 16. The President serves a ____ year term, and after the 22nd Amendment, he can serve no more than ____ terms. 17. The Judicial Branch ____________ laws. 18. Judges serve for __________ (how long?). 19. Powers given to the Federal Government are called ____________ powers. 20. Powers kept for the States are called ___________ powers. 21. Powers that are shared by both the Federal & State Governments are called _______________ powers. 22. Amendments are proposed by _____________ and approved by ______________. 23. Article VI of the Constitution says the Constitution is the ______________________ (Higher than any law or person). 24. The Constitution was adopted when ____ of the 13 states approved it. 24. There have been ____ Amendments to the Constitution and the first ten amendments are called the ___________________. THE U.S. CONSTITUTION 1. The Constitution was written in ________ (year). 2. There were ____ (number) delegates at the Constitutional Convention. 3. The Constitution was written in ___________ (city). 4. The _________ lists the GOALS of the Constitution. 5. The ______________ branch MAKES Laws. 6. Representatives must be at least ____ years old, ____ years a U.S. Citizen, and Live in the ____________ from which they are elected. 7. Representatives serve a ____ year term.