First Presidents

George Washington

The Whiskey Rebellion The farmers in western Pennsylvania rebelled against the tax on sale and manufacture of Whiskey.

Whiskey Rebellion 2. This established the right to tax as well. 1.Washington led an army of 13,000 soldiers to put down the rebellion.

Farewell Address Washington’s advice in farewell address Against Political Parties Against Foreign Allies

Farewell Address Let me now take a more comprehensive view, and warn you in the most solemn manner against the baneful effects of the spirit of party generally... It serves always to distract the public councils and enfeeble the public administration. It agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection. It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption, which finds a facilitated access to the government itself through the channels of party passions. Thus the policy and the will of one country are subjected to the policy and will of another. The great rule of conduct for us in regard to foreign nations is in extending our commercial relations, to have with them as little political connection as possible. So far as we have already formed engagements, let them be fulfilled with perfect good faith. Here let us stop. Europe has a set of primary interests which to us have none; or a very remote relation. Hence she must be engaged in frequent controversies, the causes of which are essentially foreign to our concerns. Hence, therefore, it must be unwise in us to implicate ourselves by artificial ties in the ordinary vicissitudes of her politics, or the ordinary combinations and collisions of her friendships or enmities.

John Adams

Alien and Sedition Acts

Laws passed that sought to restrict the public activities those who sympathized with French Revolution and criticized Adams policies

Thomas Jefferson

ELECTION OF 1800 Tie for Presidency between Jefferson and Burr Adams and Jefferson believed that the victory by the other would ruin the nation. House of Representatives had to vote on a winner, establishing the 12 th Amendment

Louisiana Purchase Louisiana, Missouri, Arkansas, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, North & South Dakota, Wyoming, Montana, Colorado, and parts of Arizona, Texas, and Minnesota.

Louisiana Purchase To Buy? Jefferson’s Dilemma Not To Buy? Does the Constitution give me the power? Bought on October 20, 1803

Lewis and Clark Expedition Began Here: May 14, 1803 Ended Here: November Meriwether Lewis William Clark

GOALS Find a river route that led to Pacific Ocean! Establish good relations with Natives (Sacagawea) Chart Animals, Plants, Map Lands

James Madison

Causes of the WAR of 1812 Gave Native American Guns Impressments of American Sailors Interference with Trade

Increased national pride! Increased manufacturing Indian resistance weakened

James Monroe

Protect American Interests and territory from Western Hemisphere U.S. will not interfere with European Affairs U.S. will not interfere with colonies that already exist BUT they will not colonize any more in North & South America

36 30’ Line North of Missouri would be admitted as a Free State South of Missouri would be admitted as Slave State Maryland was admitted the same time as Missouri to balance congress! 36 30’ Line North of Missouri would be admitted as a Free State South of Missouri would be admitted as Slave State Maryland was admitted the same time as Missouri to balance congress!

Andrew Jackson

Winner! Born Poor Rose to success through hard work War Hero

Nullification Crisis 1828: Northern manufacturers pressure Congress to pass high tariffs……AND THEY DID “Tariff of Abominations” Southern States believed in Nullification

Nullification Crisis John C. Calhoun Vice President Arguments States have more power than the national government. State’s can nullify (cancel) a law that they don’t like.

Nullification Crisis Arguments National government is ONE country State’s cannot nullify (cancel) the laws. Daniel Webster

Nullification Crisis Compromise reached: tariffs lowered SC threatens to secede if troops are sent Andrew Jackson threatens to send troops Calhoun resigns

Indian Removal Act 1830

Indian Removal Act Congress passed Indian Removal Act which authorized the removal Native Americans who lived east of the Mississippi River to the lands west.

Gold They thought it was there. Land For settlement. Indians were moved to OKLAHOMA or Indian Territory

Trail of Tears (1838) ¼ of the 18,000 Cherokees died Winter of ¼ of the Choctaws died 1836 Creek Indians moved Chickasaw Indians moved Seminole Tribe fought two wars and never truly were forced completely out of Florida.