WHO IS THE DOLPHIN DADDY?

Catalyst 1.What is an inheritance? What do you think the term “genetic inheritance” means? 2.How does this differ from a mutation? 3.What is the polypeptide made from the DNA sequence TACCAAGTA?

Agenda Notes – Introduction to Genetics Can you taste?? Independent Practice Exit Ticket

Why do children usually look like their parents?

So tall?? Why do children usually look like their parents?

Genetics Genetics is the branch of biology that studies heredity, or how traits are passed on.

Genetics is the study of heredity, how traits are passed on to offspring. A trait is a characteristic that varies from one individual to another. eye color height limb length number of fingers length of length proportional to body ability to carry a tune risk of developing breast cancer sickle cell trait

Gregor Mendel ( ) The principles Gregor Mendel derived from his study of peas are still used in genetics to this day.

Biological inheritance is determined by factors called genes that are passed from one generation to the next. A gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a trait. An allele is a version or form of a gene. = gene for eye color = allele for blue eyes = allele for brown eyes PRINCIPLE #1

Gene A gene is a sequence of DNA that codes for a protein.

Some alleles are dominant and others are recessive. An organism with a dominant allele will always show that form of the trait. Represented by capital letter. A recessive allele is only expressed when the dominant allele is not present. Represented by lowercase letter. purple white PRINCIPLE #2

B = black b = white Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? BB ? black

B = black b = white Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? Bb ? black

B = black b = white Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? bb ? white

B = brown b = blue Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? Bb ? brown

B = brown b = blue Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? bb ? blue

B = brown b = blue Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? BB ? brown

P = purple p = white Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? pp ? white

P = purple p = white Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? Pp ? purple

P = purple p = white Which one is dominant? Which one is recessive? PP ? purple

Because you inherit one copy of each gene (allele) from each parent, you have two alleles of each gene. The combination of alleles in an individual is represented by using the same letter to describe the trait. Bb BB bb = b = B

Genotype An organism’s genotype is its genetic makeup, or combination of alleles. genotype = bb

Phenotype An organism’s phenotype is its physical characteristics. phenotype = blue eyes

Phenotype Outward appearance of an organism. Bb brown fur

Describing Genotypes homozygous – two of the same allele for a single trait heterozygous – two different alleles for the same trait Bb BB bb Which are homozygous? Which are heterozygous? homozygous dominant homozygous recessive heterozygous

Describe the genotype Gg heterozygous

Describe the genotype ff homozygous recessive

Describe the genotype Kk heterozygous

Describe the genotype Aa heterozygous

Describe the genotype OO homozygous dominant

Describe the genotype WW homozygous dominant

Describe the genotype hh homozygous recessive

Describe the genotype Qq heterozygous

Describe the genotype BB homozygous dominant

Agenda Notes – Introduction to Genetics Can you taste?? Independent Practice Exit Ticket

Independent Practice

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