1.More than 98% of dress quark masses as well as dynamical structure are generated non-perturbatively through DCSB (higgs mech. <2% in N,N*masses) 2.Quark-gluon confinement in baryons emerges from QCD

1.More than 98% of dress quark masses as well as dynamical structure are generated non-perturbatively through DCSB (higgs mech. <2% in N,N*masses) 2.Quark-gluon confinement in baryons emerges from QCD Study of the excited states of the nucleon is important step in the development of a fundamental understanding of the strong interaction –N. Isgur, V. Burkert (2000)

Allows to address central question: “ What are the relevant degrees-of-freedom at varying distance scale ?” N π,  B=N,N*,  * q e e' ** e ** e ** 1.More than 98% of dress quark masses as well as dynamical structure are generated non-perturbatively through DCSB 2.Quark-gluon confinement in baryons emerges from QCD Study of the excited states of the nucleon is important step in the development of a fundamental understanding of the strong interaction –N. Isgur, V. Burkert

D 13 (1520) S 11 (1535) P 33 (1232) P 11 (1440) Missing States? Energy Orbital angular momentum * There are questions about underlying degrees-of- freedom of some well known states … but still many open questions…relationship QCD, FT, CQM, LQCD …

p ** N  N*  Pion electroproduction multipole amplitude → E l , M l  and S l . l : the orbital angular momentum in Nπ system. ± sign : spin of proton couples to the orbital momentum. E l , M l ,S l  A 1/2, A 3/2,S 1/2 S z = 1 S z = 0 S 1/2 S z = 1/2 Transverse Longitudinal 6

* Publication includes analyses of N  channels 7

…

 one photon exchange approximation  E 0 =5.499 GeV  Luminosity ~20 fb -1 Kinematic binning ~ 29K cross-section data VariableRangeNumber of bin (size) W 1.6 ~2.0 GeV5(40MeV), 3(60MeV) Q2Q2 1.7 ~4.5 GeV 2 5 (vary) cos    -1.0~+0.5, +0.5~+1.07 (0.2), 10 (0.05)  0  ~ 360  24 (15  ), 48(7.5  )

Exp. e1-f (fit) A + B cos  + C cos2  Overall systematic uncertainty is 9-10%

PRC 77, (2008), (e1-6a) This Work (e1-f)

PRC 77, (2008) This Work

Exp. e1-f DMT MAID2003 MAID2007 UIM Global fit DR Global fit

Exp. e1-f (  W= 20MeV) PRC 77, (2008) Exp. e1-f (  W= 40MeV)

This analysis, I.G. Azauryan (UIM & DR) M.M. Gianini/E. Santopinto (2012) D. Merten, U. Loring, et al., (2003) SQTM, Moorhouse selection rule: suppression Transverse Amplitudes Non-quark contributions dominance RPP (PDG) Chin. Phys. C 38, (2014) Light-front Rel. QM at Q 2 = 0 GeV 2

This analysis, I.G. Azauryan (UIM & DR) B. Julia-Diaz, T.-S.H. Lee, A. Matsuyama, et al., (2008) M.M. Gianini/E. Santopinto (2012) D. Merten, U. Loring, et al., (2003) SQTM, Moorhouse selection rule: suppression Transverse Amplitudes Non-quark contributions dominance RPP (PDG) Chin. Phys. C 38, (2014) Light-front Rel. QM at Q 2 = 0 GeV 2

This analysis, I.G. Azauryan (UIM & DR) I.G. Aznauryan, Phys. Rev. C 72 (2005) Z. Lee and F. Close (1990) M.M. Gianini/E. Santopinto (2012) D. Merten, U. Loring, et al., (2003) V. I. Mokkev, I.G. Aznauryan, arXiv (2013) RPP (PDG) Chin. Phys. C 38, (2014)

This analysis, I.G. Azauryan (UIM & DR) I.G. Aznauryan, Phys. Rev. C 72 (2005) Z. Lee and F. Close (1990) M.M. Gianini/E. Santopinto (2012) D. Merten, U. Loring, et al., (2003) RPP (PDG) Chin. Phys. C 38, (2014) Helicity asymmetry shows a very slow rise at Q 2 > 2 GeV 2 Very interesting of Helicity asymmetry Q 2 > 5 GeV 2 ? → CLAS12

This analysis, I.G. Azauryan (UIM & DR) M.M. Gianini/E. Santopinto (hQCM) RPP (PDG) Chin. Phys. C 38, (2014) A sharp drop in Q 2 < 2.5 GeV 2

 Using the exclusive single pion off the proton data, the differential cross sections have been measured FIRST TIME for high-lying resonances. (1.6 GeV< W< 2.0 GeV, 1.7 GeV 2 < Q 2 < 4.5 GeV 2 ).  Report that helicity-amplitudes for F 15 (1680 ), D 15 (1675), P 11 (1710) resonances have been extracted using a UIM and DR.  Combined analysis of available and future data on all exclusive meson electroproduction channels at W >1.6 GeV and at Q 2 >2.0 GeV 2 within the framework of coupled channel approaches will improve considerably our knowledge on high mass N*-state electro-couplings.  CLAS12 with much higher Q 2 which allows us to access to the different level of degree of freedom for insight the excited nucleon structure.  Paper is in the final author-check till Nov.16 th, then will be submitted to PRC

This analysis Total from UIM PRC 77, (2008) Switch off  (1600)P 33 and N(1720)P 13 from the UIM Switch off N(1680)F 15 from the UIM Switch off  (1620)S 31 and N(1650)S 11 from the UIM Switch off all third resonances from the UIM Q 2 =1.8GeV 2 Q 2 =3.15GeV 2

cosine bins fine cosine bins at forward angle

Exp. e1-f (  W= 20MeV) Exp. e1-f ( Sys. Err. ) PRC 77, (2008) Exp. e1-f (  W= 40MeV)

 Using the exclusive single pion off the proton data, the differential cross sections have been measured FIRST TIME for high-lying resonances. (1.6 GeV< W< 2.0 GeV, 1.7 GeV 2 < Q 2 < 4.5 GeV 2 ).  Report that helicity-amplitudes for F 15 (1680 ), D 15 (1675), P 11 (1710) resonances have been extracted using a UIM and DR.  Combined analysis of available and future data on all exclusive meson electroproduction channels at W >1.6 GeV and at Q 2 >2.0 GeV 2 within the framework of coupled channel approaches will improve considerably our knowledge on high mass N*-state electro-couplings.  CLAS12 with much higher Q 2 which allows us to access to the different level of degree of freedom for insight the excited nucleon structure.  Final author check up till Nov.16 th, then will submit to PRC Low Q 2 : N. Markov High Q 2 : M. Ungaro Low Q 2 : G. Fedotov High Q 2 : E. Isupov