Most important points in Radiology of GIT -Written exam -OSPE exam

1- No radiation 2- Inexpensive 3- Easily available What’s the best method which use for gall bladder stone and liver cyst ? Ultra Sound What’s the best method which use for whole GIT system? Fluoroscopy ( plane x ray ) What’s the best method which use for Abdomen? CT scan What’s the best method which use for Esophagus? Barium swallow What’s the best method which use for Stomach and Duodenum? Barium meal What’s the best method which use for Large intestine? Barium enema Explain Ultrasound? which use sound waves to produce image. Explain CT scan? which give cross sectional image , demonstrate soft tissues, bony structures and blood vessels at the same time, so provide better anatomical detail. Why we prefer ultrasound? 1- No radiation 2- Inexpensive 3- Easily available What’s the best position for patient with X-Ray ? AP position

Normal: Plane Radiography. The routine projection is supine film; however erect film is taken in certain cases like intestinal obstruction to check for air-fluid levels. - X-ray abdomen supine show Normal gas pattern - X-ray abdomen Erect position show fluid levels . SMALL INTESTINE LARGE INTESTINE Long Three parts Small bowel diameter Small bowel is central Volvulae fold present. short Four parts Wider diameter Large bowel is peripheral. i Haustra fold Present re Fluoroscopy: It gives a real time images of internal structures. It consist of an x-ray source, fluorescent screen and between the two the patient is put

Barium swallow Barium meal Barium enema Use for: Esophagus Indications: Dysphagia Pain Obstruction Use for: Stomach,duodenum Indications: Pain Obstruction Hematemesis Perforation Anoraxia weight loss use for: large intestine Indications: Melena Pain weight loss obstruction

OSPE

Indicate the technique? Barium swallow Indicate the organ ? Esophagus Indicate the technique? Barium swallow What’re the indications for use? Dysphagia Pain Obstruction

Small intestine (Duodenum) Indicate the technique? Barium meal Indicate the organ ? Small intestine (Duodenum) Indicate the technique? Barium meal What’re the indications for use? Pain Obstruction Hematemesis Perforation Anoraxia weight loss

Indicate the technique? Barium meal What’re the indications for use? Indicate the organ ? Stomach Indicate the technique? Barium meal What’re the indications for use? Pain Obstruction Hematemesis Perforation Anoraxia weight loss

Indicate the technique? Barium enema What’re the indications for use? Indicate the organ ? Large intestine Indicate the technique? Barium enema What’re the indications for use? Melena Pain weight loss obstruction

Indicate the technique? Ultra sound Indicate the organ ? Gall Bladder Liver Indicate the technique? Ultra sound Indicate the organ ? Gall Bladder Indicate the technique? Ultra sound

Indicate the technique? Ultra sound What’s The abnormality ? Indicate the organ ? Gall Bladder Indicate the technique? Ultra sound What’s The abnormality ? There’s Stone. Indicate the organ ? Liver Indicate the technique? Ultra sound What’s The abnormality ? There’s Cyst.

Indicate the technique? Indicate the organ ? Abdomen Indicate the technique? CT scan

Indicate the technique? X-ray supine show Normal gas pattern Indicate the organ ? Abdomen Indicate the technique? X-ray supine show Normal gas pattern Indicate the organ ? Abdomen Indicate the technique? X-ray Erect position show fluid levels .

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