Terror Today Seminar- week 9

Tonight’s Seminar History of Policing History Homeland Security

History of policing Sir Robert Peel Sir Robert Peel Post Civil War Post Civil War Political Era Political Era Professional Era Professional Era Team Policing Team Policing Community Policing Community Policing COMPSTAT COMPSTAT Homeland Security Homeland Security

Traditional Policing “911 policing” “911 policing” Random patrolsRandom patrols Rapid response to callsRapid response to calls Reactive investigationsReactive investigations

Do Police Matter? Problem Oriented Policing- Herman Goldstein Problem Oriented Policing- Herman Goldstein Kansas City Patrol Kansas City Patrol Newark Foot Patrol Newark Foot Patrol- 1981

Community Policing “Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime.” “Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the systematic use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to proactively address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime.”

Community Policing Community Partnerships Community Partnerships Organizational Transformation Organizational Transformation Problem Solving Problem Solving

COMPSTAT William Bratton William Bratton NY Subway- 1990NY Subway robberies daily30-40 robberies daily HomelessHomeless Turnstile jumpersTurnstile jumpers

COMPSTAT NYPD NYPD Get guns off the streetGet guns off the street Curb youth violence in schools and on streetsCurb youth violence in schools and on streets Drive drug dealers awayDrive drug dealers away Break cycle of domestic violenceBreak cycle of domestic violence Reclaim public spacesReclaim public spaces Reduce auto-related crimeReduce auto-related crime Root out corruption and build organizational integrity to NYPDRoot out corruption and build organizational integrity to NYPD

COMPSTAT Five Basic Principles Specific Objectives Specific Objectives Timely and Accurate Intelligence Timely and Accurate Intelligence Effective Strategies and tactics Effective Strategies and tactics Rapid Deployment of Personnel and Resources Rapid Deployment of Personnel and Resources Relentless Follow-up and Assessment Relentless Follow-up and Assessment

NIMS Components Command and Management Preparedness Resource Management Communications and Information Management Ongoing Management and Maintenance Incident Command System Multiagency Coordination Systems Public Information

NIMS: What It Is/What It’s Not NIMS is not...  An operational incident management plan  A resource allocation plan  A terrorism/WMD- specific plan  Designed to address international events NIMS is...  A flexible framework of:  Doctrine  Concepts  Principles  Terminology  Organizational processes  Applicable to all hazards and jurisdictions NIMS is...  A flexible framework of:  Doctrine  Concepts  Principles  Terminology  Organizational processes  Applicable to all hazards and jurisdictions

Examples of Incidents Managed Using ICS Fire, both structural and wild landFire, both structural and wild land Natural disasters, such as tornadoes, floods, ice storms, or earthquakesNatural disasters, such as tornadoes, floods, ice storms, or earthquakes Human and animal disease outbreaksHuman and animal disease outbreaks Search and rescue missionsSearch and rescue missions Hazardous materials incidentsHazardous materials incidents Criminal acts and crime scene investigationsCriminal acts and crime scene investigations Terrorist incidents, including the use of weapons of mass destructionTerrorist incidents, including the use of weapons of mass destruction National Special Security Events, such as Presidential visits or the Super BowlNational Special Security Events, such as Presidential visits or the Super Bowl Other planned events, such as parades or demonstrationsOther planned events, such as parades or demonstrations

Homeland Security Article 4, section 4 of the US constitution- Article 4, section 4 of the US constitution- Gives the federal gov’t power and responsibility to protect all states in the Union from an invasion by outside forces of any typeGives the federal gov’t power and responsibility to protect all states in the Union from an invasion by outside forces of any type Allowed for federal gov’t, through the president, to intervene in cases of domestic disturbancesAllowed for federal gov’t, through the president, to intervene in cases of domestic disturbances

Federalism Evolves Feds could intervene- Feds could intervene- incidents threatening the unity principle of the federal system of governmentincidents threatening the unity principle of the federal system of government incidents threatening national security and involving foreign nationsincidents threatening national security and involving foreign nations incidents violating federal law passed by Congressincidents violating federal law passed by Congress

Federal Government Last Resort! State Government Provides Support Individuals and Households Private Sector Nongovernmental Organizations Local Government First Response!

Natural and Manmade disasters Whiskey Rebellion Whiskey Rebellion fires-Portsmouth, New Hampshire fires-Portsmouth, New Hampshire Chicago fire Chicago fire Johnstown floods Johnstown floods Pullman Strike Pullman Strike Detroit Michigan riots Detroit Michigan riots

National Defense/Preparedness Council of National Defense Council of National Defense National Emergency Council National Emergency Council Office of Emergency Management Office of Emergency Management Office of Civil Defense Office of Civil Defense

Homeland Defense/Preparedness FEMA FEMA DHS 2002 DHS 2002

Homeland Security Act 2002 (a) Establishment. - "There is established a Department of Homeland Security, as an executive department of the United States within the meaning of title 5, United States Code. (a) Establishment. - "There is established a Department of Homeland Security, as an executive department of the United States within the meaning of title 5, United States Code. (b) Mission (b) Mission (1) In General. - The primary mission of the Department is to(1) In General. - The primary mission of the Department is to (A) prevent terrorist attacks within the United States; (A) prevent terrorist attacks within the United States; (B) reduce the vulnerability of the United States to (B) reduce the vulnerability of the United States to terrorism; and terrorism; and (C) minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery, from (C) minimize the damage, and assist in the recovery, from terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States." terrorist attacks that do occur within the United States."

Organization of the Act The Act establishing 7 major functions- The Act establishing 7 major functions- Info analysis and infrastructure protectionInfo analysis and infrastructure protection Procurement, advance science and technologyProcurement, advance science and technology Border and transportation securityBorder and transportation security Emergency preparedness and responseEmergency preparedness and response Government coordinationGovernment coordination National Homeland Security CouncilNational Homeland Security Council Information securityInformation security

DHS Combines 22 existing and separate federal agencies, including- Combines 22 existing and separate federal agencies, including- INSINS Secret ServiceSecret Service CustomsCustoms FEMAFEMA Border PatrolBorder Patrol

DHS Employment

DHS Six-point Agenda 2006 Increase overall preparedness, particularly for catastrophic events Increase overall preparedness, particularly for catastrophic events Create better transportation security systems to move people and cargo more securely and efficiently Create better transportation security systems to move people and cargo more securely and efficiently Strengthen border security and interior enforcement and reform immigration processes; Strengthen border security and interior enforcement and reform immigration processes; Enhance information sharing with our partners Enhance information sharing with our partners Improve DHS financial management, human resource development, procurement and information technology Improve DHS financial management, human resource development, procurement and information technology Realign the DHS organization to maximize mission performance. Realign the DHS organization to maximize mission performance.

Homeland Security Presidential Directives (HSPDs) Management of Domestic Incidents HSPD-5 HSPD-8 National Incident Management System (NIMS) National Preparedness Mandates

Questions?

References p?item=36http:// p?item=36, retrieved on June 5, p?item=36 McDonald, Phyllis (2002). Managing Police Operations. Wadsworth