The Classical Period

The years of the Classical Period saw many changes in the world. The French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars changed the face of Europe. During the Classical period it became more and more possible for the public to enjoy and participate in leisure activities. In the music world, the patronage system of the Baroque began to die out and was replaced by the first public concerts where people paid to attend.

Instead of the sudden changes in style and trills of Baroque music, the music of the Classical period tended to be simple, balanced, and non-emotional. Known as absolute music, classical works were written for their own sake, not for dancing or any other special occasion. It was performed in the recital or concert hall. Three instrumental forms were developed: the concerto, the symphony, and the sonata

Symphonies had three movements (fast- slow-fast), but some added an extra, dance- like movement before the last movement. Vienna was the musical center of Europe, and most serious composers spent part of their lives there.

The sleeker, less elaborate style of the Classical period could be seen in its fashion.

And its art and architecture

The Industrial Revolution, introduction of philosophers such as Voltaire and Roussea, and America overcoming British rule were all part of the Classical era.

Invention of the piano The piano was invented in the early 18 th century by Cristofori, and by the end of the 18 th century had quickly replaced the harpsichord. The piano could be heard above the sound of the small Classical orchestra, and was used to show off the skill of the pianist, who was often also the composer.

Franz Josef Haydn, or “Papa” Haydn, is considered the “Father of the Symphony.” A symphony is a long work in three or four movements for an orchestra. Haydn also was a teacher for other composers such as Mozart and Beethoven.

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is considered by many to be one of the greatest musical talents that ever lived. He was a child prodigy, traveling with his father playing for the royal families. He was one of the first composers to work for himself. He died very young and in poverty. He wrote over 600 compositions during his short life, with over 25 piano concertos. (a musical work usually in three parts or movements, in which (usually) onemovements solo instrument (for instance, a piano or violin) is accompanied by an orchestra.)orchestra

Ludwig von Beethoven is considered to have been the most crucial figure in the transitional period between the Classical and Romantic eras in western classical music, and remains one of the most famous and influential composers of all time. He is especially remarkable because he began to lose his hearing at the age of 30, and was completely deaf by 50.Classical Romantic Beethoven's Ninth Symphony

Other composers from this period: Christoph Willibald Gluck Muzio Clementi Carl Rossini C.P.E. Bach Antonio Salieri Classical composers