Learner Profile: Communicators September 18 Objective(s): SWBAT classify organisms in to a Domain based on the presence or lack of a nucleus.   SWBAT classify organisms into Kingdoms based on their basic characteristics. AGENDA 5 min Enter the classroom silently and find your seat. Write down homework in your agenda. Turn in homework due today Do Now : somewhere on GNs 1. What is the broadest category of taxonomy and how do scientists classify organisms into it? 2. What characteristics do scientists use to classify organisms into Kingdoms? 3. Wait silently for instructions

Unit Question/IB Trait STATEMENT OF INQUIRY: Interactions among environments allows organisms to create their own identity and form relationships with various communities in order to survive. IB TRAIT: COMMUNICATORS

Taxonomy Taxonomy is the classification of life into categories. All organisms are grouped based on their similarities. Groups get more specific as you go down.

Taxonomy Domain Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species

Basic Characteristics All organisms are placed into their categories based on some basic characteristics about them. Some examples include but are not limited to: prokaryotic or eukaryotic; unicellular or multi-cellular, autotrophic or heterotrophic, and asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction.

Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus. Eukaryotic cells do have a nucleus that is surrounded by a membrane. This nucleus holds all the genetic information for the cell (the DNA).

Unicellular vs. Multi-cellular Unicellular organisms contain only one cell. Multi-cellular organisms are made of more than one cell.

Autotrophic vs. Heterotrophic Autotrophic organisms make their own food. (i.e. plants through photosynthesis) Heterotrophic organisms obtain energy/food by feeding on other organisms.

Asexual vs. Sexual Organisms that have asexual reproduction means that they receive all their genetic material from only one parent. Organisms that have sexual reproduction means that they receive their genetic material equally from two parents.

Domains When scientists classify organisms, they begin with the Domain. This is the most broad category of taxonomy. There are 3 Domains – Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. In order to classify them into a Domain, scientists only look for one thing – a nucleus.

Is there a nucleus, or not? Domains and Kingdoms Is there a nucleus, or not?

Domain - Bacteria All organisms in the Domain, Bacteria, are Prokaryotic. They do not have a nucleus.

Domain - Archaea All organisms in the Domain, Archaea, are Prokaryotic. They do not have a nucleus.

Domain - Eukarya All organisms in the Domain, Eukarya, are Eukaryotic. They do have a nucleus.

Kingdoms After classifying them into Domains, scientists then classify them further into Kingdoms depending on their basic characteristics. The Domain Bacteria has one Kingdom – Bacteria. The Domain Archaea has one Kingdom – Archaea. The Domain Eukarya has four Kingdoms – Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

What are the other basic characteristics of this organism? Domains and Kingdoms What are the other basic characteristics of this organism?

Kingdom - Bacteria Prokaryotic Unicellular Autotrophic or heterotrophic Asexual reproduction Can cause sickness

Kingdom - Archaea Prokaryotic Unicellular Autotrophic or heterotrophic Asexual reproduction EXAMPLE: Exists in extreme environments.

Kingdom - Protista Eukaryotic Most Unicellular and some simple multi-cellular organisms. Autotrophic and/or heterotrophic. Asexual and/or sexual reproduction. EXAMPLE: Amoeba, molds, etc.

Kingdom - Fungi Eukaryotic Most multi-cellular, some unicellular Heterotrophic – receives nutrients from decomposing organic matter. Asexual or sexual reproduction Mushrooms and yeast

Kingdom - Plantae Eukaryotic Multi-cellular – has cell walls and chloroplasts for photosynthesis. Autotrophic – use photosynthesis to create own food. Asexual and/or sexual reproduction

Kingdom - Animalia Eukaryotic Multi-cellular – does not have cell walls or chloroplasts. Heterotrophic Sexual reproduction

Turn and Talk What category comes after Domains? How do scientists classify organisms into this category?

Everyone should take out 1 sheet of notebook paper. Guided Practice 20 min You’re all going to have the opportunity to pretend that you’re biologists discovering new organisms! Your job is to classify the organisms into a Domain and Kingdom. Everyone should take out 1 sheet of notebook paper.

Guided Practice 20 min I’m going to give you a series of organisms to classify. I won’t give you any information about these organisms. I will only answer the questions you ask about the organisms. You will work in your table groups. Your goal is to be the first team to correctly classify them.

Take a second to write down some questions you think you might ask me. Guided Practice 20 min These are example questions you might ask to further your inquiry. How does this organism obtain nutrients? How does this organism reproduce? Does this organism have cells with a nucleus? Is this organism made of just one cell or many cells? Take a second to write down some questions you think you might ask me.

Guided Practice Practice Round Archaea - Archaea 20 min Practice Round What are some questions you would ask to determine the appropriate Domain and Kingdom for these cells? Archaea - Archaea

What Domain and Kingdoms do the organisms below belong to? Guided Practice 20 min What Domain and Kingdoms do the organisms below belong to? Bacteria - Bacteria Eukarya – Fungi Eukarya - Plantae Eukarya - Protista

Independent Practice 35 min To practice these vocabulary words, we’re going to play some cellular BINGO! Every has one BINGO card and markers. I will read descriptions for the words and you will use your knowledge to independently find and mark the words on your BINGO card.

What do all organisms in the Domain Eukarya have in common? Turn and Talk What is the broadest category in taxonomy and how do biologists classify organisms into this category? What is the next category in taxonomy and how to biologists classify organisms into these categories? What do all organisms in the Domain Eukarya have in common?

STOP Cards S Summarize: Summarize the day’s lesson and what we learned. T Trait: What IB trait relates to the lesson? O Objective: Re-state in your own words and say whether or not we met that objective for the day. P Purpose: What was the purpose of this lesson?