The End of the War 1864- 1865. Grant’s Strategy Grant devised a 2 part plan for the end of the war that would utilize the Union’s manpower and material.

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Presentation transcript:

The End of the War

Grant’s Strategy Grant devised a 2 part plan for the end of the war that would utilize the Union’s manpower and material advantage Part 1- Grant would attack Richmond and force Lee to fight a decisive battle Part 2- William Tecumseh Sherman would move towards Atlanta and inflict total war on the South

Sherman’s March to the Sea Sherman takes Atlanta and cuts a 60 mile wide path through the heart of Georgia before emerging at Savannah on the sea in December 1864 Ordered his men to take supplies and to “forage liberally”

Map of Sherman’s March

“Total War” Sherman’s objective was to attack the Southern mind and to break the Southern will to fight “War is Hell”- he wanted Southerners to feel the pain of war so they would surrender Also wanted to destroy supplies destined for the Confederate Army (economic destruction)

Actions of Sherman Sherman Neckties- destroyed railroad tracks Completely destroyed Atlanta and burned all the important buildings Was especially hard on South Carolina Pillaged farms and destroyed the homes of many people

Impact of the March Loss of Confidence in Confederate Army Soldiers wanted to go home and help families Anger at the North that continues after the war (bitterness) Andrew Thompson is still angry even though Sherman was right!

Lincoln Defeats McClellan in Election of 1864 After the capture of Atlanta Lincoln gains a lot of momentum and defeats McClellan easily

End of the War in the East “Lee’s Army is our objective”- Grant Attack the Confederate Army simultaneously to make sure they don’t help eachother Campaign would result in over 50,000 Union deaths (“Grant the Butcher”)

Lee is in Big Trouble Grant lays siege to Petersburg and attacks the railroad center of the Confederacy (9 month siege that is successful) Lee’s army is cut off from the rest of the Confederate forces and have no communications

Siege of Petersburg

Lee Surrenders Lee surrenders at Appomattox Courthouse, VA on April 9, 1865 Grant is very gracious in his terms of surrender and allows the Confederates to keep their horses and weapons- “They are our countrymen again.”

What Next? 600,000 casualties later the North and South must deal with the effects of the Civil War How will this country become unified again? Should the South be punished?

Civil War v. Other Wars