Study Questions Feb 19, Who ran the govt. in Japan during WWII? Pg What two Asian countries did Japan first invade when expanding their empire? Pg What was the Rape of Nanking? Pg Why did the United States want to remain isolated from Europe during WWII? Pg. 484, 496 Terms & Names Pg Isoruku Yamamoto 2.Pearl Harbor 3.Battle of Midway 4.Douglas MacArthur 5.Battle of Guadalcanal

Review Japanese econ. Japanese Militarists Emperor Why Expansion? Manchuria China U.S. Reaction? Sept. 1, 1939 Blitzkrieg Great Britain & France (what do they do)? Hitler advances toward France Battle of Britain Attack on USSR Isolationists

Objectives 1. How did the U.S. disrupt Japans expansion efforts? 2. Who planed the attack on Pearl Harbor? 3. How many Americans died at Pearl Harbor? 4.Pearl Harbor is known as “a day that will live in _______?” 5.Which battle stopped Japanese southward advance in the Pacific?

California State Standard 10:8:3 Identify and locate the Allied and Axis powers on a map and discuss the major turning points of the war, the principle theaters of conflict, key strategic decisions, and the resulting war conferences.

Japan’s Pacific Campaign Ch.16.2 MAIN IDEA- Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii bringing the U.S. into WWII WHY IT MATTERS NOW- WWII established the U.S. as a leading player in international affairs

Setting the stage Like Hitler Japan wanted to: - Expand their empire - Obtain natural resources - Establish dominance - Gain respect (1931) Japan controlled Manchuria and Northern China

Setting the Stage Continued (1937) Six years later China’s heartland was in danger Japan thought they would conquer China quickly. (They were wrong! ) Chinese resistance strained Japan’s economy (Why?) The plan to conquer China was not working Japan only had a two year supply of oil! Japanese Army

Surprise Attack:Objective1 Oct U.S. broke a secret code: Japan wanted S.E. Asia Threatened Philippines & Guam (U.S. controlled islands) (U.S. sends backup Carriers out of Hawaii) Takes French Indochina (Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam) U.S. responds with Oil and Scrap Iron Embargo (Japanese Assets were frozen in the U.S.)

Southeast Asia French Indochina US Controlled

Japanese Empire 1 (1940)

Surprise Attack (continued):Objective2 Japan continued its conquests (Despite oil embargo) Japan wanted to surprise U.S. and Europeans Attacks were planned on European colonies in SE Asia and U.S. outposts in the Pacific Yamamoto Isoroku Japanese admiral Planned Pearl Harbor Stated U.S. is “a dagger at Japan’s throat”

"If I am told to fight... I shall run wild for the first six months... but after that I have no confidence”. Yamamoto September, 1940

12/07/41 Early Morning Another message decoded U.S. Destroyer sinks Japanese Midget Sub in Pearl Harbor Radar picks up a large number of planes (B-17s ?)

Pearl Harbor December 7, 1941 “Day of Infamy” 19 ships destroyed (including 8 battleships) 3,400 Americans casualties Roosevelt requested a declaration of war Japanese also attack, (Hong Kong, Wake island, Thailand and Guam)

Japanese Victories 1942 Guam & Wake Island Philippine capital of Manila Burma, Singapore, Dutch East Indies (Java, Sumatra, Borneo) Bataan peninsula (Americans and Filipino defend) Japan now controlled most of Asia, and 150 million people

Japanese Empire 2 (1942)

Bataan Death March 50 Miles 70,000 POWs 16,000 Died Read the excerpt on page 498 about the Bataan Death March. Answer the prompt with a short summary: Japanese often treated the people of their new colonies with extreme cruelty. POW’s were treated the worst. Describe the treatment and explain why you feel the Japanese treated POW’s this way.

The Allies Strike Back Early 1942 Japanese appear unbeatable U.S. wanted revenge for Pearl Harbor Doolittle Raid: April B-25 bombers - Bombed Tokyo and other small cities - Little physical damage - Psychological damage (Japanese were vulnerable to attack)

The Allies Turn The Tide Battle of Coral Sea (May, 1942) First naval battle fought entirely by aircraft (Fleets often did not see each other) Allies suffered more casualties, but stop Japanese advance

Objectives 1. How did the U.S. disrupt Japans expansion efforts? 2. Who planed the attack on Pearl Harbor? 3. How many Americans died at Pearl Harbor? 4.Pearl Harbor is known as a day that will live in _______? 5.Which battle stopped Japanese southward advance in the Pacific?

Japan’s Pacific Campaign Ch.16.2 Pt. 2 MAIN IDEA- Japan attacked Pearl Harbor in Hawaii bringing the U.S. into WWII WHY IT MATTERS NOW- WWII established the U.S. as a leading player in international affairs

The Battle of Midway June 7, 1942 Japanese target Midway Island (1500 miles west of Hawaii Midway had a major U.S. Airbase Allied code breakers discover a Japanese Fleet is headed right for Midway Yamamoto commanded Japanese Fleet U.S. admiral Chester Nimitz hide Pacific Fleet beyond the horizon (Plan hide and let Japan attack)

Midway Cont. U.S. planes hit Japanese fleet (surprise attack) 332 Japanese planes lost All 4 Japanese carriers destroyed why important? U.S. had turned the tide of war in the Pacific

An Allied Offensive Japanese forces were dug in on several islands throughout the vast pacific Many islands were Japanese strongholds Douglas MacArthur (Allied land forces commander) came up with the idea of Island Hopping – The plan was to skip heavily defended islands and move the U.S. closer to Japan

Battle of Guadalcanal Aug. 7, 1942 –Japanese constructing an airbase Not well defended US takes easily

Guadalcanal –Japan sends reinforcements Bloody stalemate ensues –After 6 months of fighting Japan looses 24,000 of 36,000 troops

Japan Manchuria Australia Hawaii Alaska Coral Sea Guadalcanal Midway Island Singapore

Map Activity Where in the World War? Mapping the War in the Pacific Use the map (on the next slide) to complete the map activity handout

Hitler Moves Forward At the same time U.S. and Japanese forces were battling in the Pacific, The Nazis were working to establish a new Order in Europe. (Hitler had a plan for those who he considered unfit for the Third Reich)

Objectives 1. How did the U.S. disrupt Japans expansion efforts? 2. Who planed the attack on Pearl Harbor? Describe one of Japan’s early battle successes. 3. How many Americans died at Pearl Harbor? 4. Pearl Harbor is known as a day that will live in _______?

Objectives Why did Japanese expansionism (empire building) lead to war with the Allies? Describe one of Japan’s early battle successes. Understand how the U.S. stopped Japanese expansionism (empire building)?