Advanced English Made by Yang Lin

Unit 4 Unit 4 Blackmail Blackmail by Arthur Hailey by Arthur Hailey

Teaching Points I. Background information I. Background information II. Introduction to the passage II. Introduction to the passage III. Text analysis III. Text analysis IV. Rhetorical devices IV. Rhetorical devices V. Questions for discussion V. Questions for discussion

I. Background Information 1. Arthur Hailey 1. Arthur Hailey 2. Hotel 2. Hotel

II. Introduction to the Passage 1. Type of literature: a piece of narration 1. Type of literature: a piece of narration ---character, action, conflicts, climax and denouement ---character, action, conflicts, climax and denouement

Introduction to the Passage 2. Main idea 2. Main idea

Introduction to the Passage 3. Organization: 3. Organization: -- introduction -- introduction -- development -- development -- climax -- climax -- conclusion -- conclusion

III. Effective Writing Skills 1.Making effective use of specific words to make the narration vivid 1.Making effective use of specific words to make the narration vivid 2.Vividly and carefully describing the actions of the characters 2.Vividly and carefully describing the actions of the characters 3.Using the languages which suit the backgrounds of characters 3.Using the languages which suit the backgrounds of characters

IV. Rhetorical Devices 1.Metaphor 1.Metaphor 2. Simile 2. Simile 3. Transferred epithet 3. Transferred epithet 4. Euphemism 4. Euphemism

Metaphor Metaphor compares two different things in a figurative sense. Unlike in a simile (A is like B.), “ like ” is not used in metaphor (A is B.). Metaphor compares two different things in a figurative sense. Unlike in a simile (A is like B.), “ like ” is not used in metaphor (A is B.). Example: Example: Truths are first clouds, then rain, then harvest and food. (Henry Ward Beecher) Truths are first clouds, then rain, then harvest and food. (Henry Ward Beecher) Through much of the last century, America's faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations. Through much of the last century, America's faith in freedom and democracy was a rock in a raging sea. Now it is a seed upon the wind, taking root in many nations.

Simile direct comparison Two things are compared directly by using 'like' (A is like B.). Two things are compared directly by using 'like' (A is like B.). Other possibilities are for example: Other possibilities are for example: A is (not) like B A is (not) like B A is more/less than B A is more/less than B A is as … as B A is as … as B A is similar to B A is similar to B A is …, so is B A is …, so is B A does …, so does B A does …, so does B

Simile Examples: Examples: conrete box-style buildings are spreading like inkblots conrete box-style buildings are spreading like inkblots The rabbit-hole went straight on like a tunnel The rabbit-hole went straight on like a tunnel Personality is to a man what perfume is to a flower. (Charles Schwab) Personality is to a man what perfume is to a flower. (Charles Schwab) My friend is as good as gold. My friend is as good as gold.

Examples: 1. He held his palms each side the spark His love had kindled in the dark. His two hands were curved apart In the semblance of a heart. 1. He held his palms each side the spark His love had kindled in the dark. His two hands were curved apart In the semblance of a heart. 2. A heart that gave out such a glow No son awake could bear to know. 2. A heart that gave out such a glow No son awake could bear to know.

Transferred epithet A transferred epithet is an adjective modifying a noun which it cannot logically modify, yet which works because the metaphorical meaning remains clear: A transferred epithet is an adjective modifying a noun which it cannot logically modify, yet which works because the metaphorical meaning remains clear:

Examples: 1. At length I heard a ragged noise and mirth of thieves and murderers George Herbert 1. At length I heard a ragged noise and mirth of thieves and murderers George Herbert 2. Blind mouths! that scarce themselves know how to hold/ A sheep hook John Milton 2. Blind mouths! that scarce themselves know how to hold/ A sheep hook John Milton 3. In an age of pressurized happiness, we sometimes grow insensitive to subtle joys. 3. In an age of pressurized happiness, we sometimes grow insensitive to subtle joys.

More examples: A dizzy height---a height that causes people to feel dizzy A dizzy height---a height that causes people to feel dizzy A sleepless bed---a bed on which the sleeper has little sleep A sleepless bed---a bed on which the sleeper has little sleep A beautiful model of an art---an art with a beautiful model A beautiful model of an art---an art with a beautiful model A bottleneck of a crossroad---a crossroad that is like a bottle-neck A bottleneck of a crossroad---a crossroad that is like a bottle-neck

Euphemism: Definition: Definition: A pleasanter or less direct word or phrase used to talk about something that is considered awkward or unpleasant A pleasanter or less direct word or phrase used to talk about something that is considered awkward or unpleasant Examples: Examples: I guess you ’ ll call her that if you ’ re not too fussy Means:I guess if you are not too particular about what words to use,at least you ’ d call her your lady friend I guess you ’ ll call her that if you ’ re not too fussy Means:I guess if you are not too particular about what words to use,at least you ’ d call her your lady friend

V. Text Analysis Cryptic, on an invented errand, survey, gross jowled face, well-appointed, encompass, flip, incongruous falsetto voice, shoot, throw the book, get fancy titles, do what by rights, in fairness, wither, high-tail, in distaste, tuck away, look-see, take on, I come for, get around, come down to, settle on, adept at, unequivocal, is riveted on, whiplash, vacillation, beady. Cryptic, on an invented errand, survey, gross jowled face, well-appointed, encompass, flip, incongruous falsetto voice, shoot, throw the book, get fancy titles, do what by rights, in fairness, wither, high-tail, in distaste, tuck away, look-see, take on, I come for, get around, come down to, settle on, adept at, unequivocal, is riveted on, whiplash, vacillation, beady.

VI. Special Difficulties 1. Understanding the colloquial, and even slangy English 1. Understanding the colloquial, and even slangy English 2. Analyzing and commenting on the three characters 2. Analyzing and commenting on the three characters

VII. Questions for Discussion 1. Did Ogilvie deliberately delay his call at the Croydon ’ s suite? Why? 1. Did Ogilvie deliberately delay his call at the Croydon ’ s suite? Why? 2. Why did the Duchess send her maid and secretary out? 2. Why did the Duchess send her maid and secretary out? 3.Why did the Duchess decide to make the detective drive their car north? 3.Why did the Duchess decide to make the detective drive their car north? 4. Did Ogilvie accept the Duchess ’ offer? 4. Did Ogilvie accept the Duchess ’ offer?

VIII. Exercises 1. summary of the plot of the story 1. summary of the plot of the story 2. Paraphrase 2. Paraphrase

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