Integumentary system

Functions Waterproofs the body and prevents fluid loss. Intact skin is the first defense against infection. ( pathogens) Major receptor for the sense of touch.(houses sensory receptors) Helps the body synthesize ( manufacture) vitamin D. Temp. regulation

Skin: three layers Epidermis- protective covering. The outermost layer of the skin. Dermis- directly under the epidermis. Contains connective tissue, blood and lymph vessels, nerve fibers, hair follicles, and sweat glands. Subcutaneous- innermost layer. Protects deeper tissues and acts as an insulator.

3 different degrees of burns Superficial /first degree- skin is reddened

3 different degrees of burns Partial thickness / Second degree- involves blisters

3 different degrees of burns Full thickness/ Third degree burn

Accessory organs Hair the fibers that make up hair are composed of the protein keratin. The process of hair formation is the deeper cells in the hair root force older cells to move upward, forming the hair shaft. The hair shaft grows toward the skin surface. Melanin gives hair its color. Each hair has a small slip of smooth muscle attached to it called the arrector pilli. When this muscle contracts the hair shaft stands up. “goose bumps”

Nails Nails are a flat plate of keratin called the nail body that covers the end of the fingers and toes. The nail body is connected to tissue underneath the nail bed. Nails grow longer from the nail root and is covered and protected by the soft tissue cuticle. The light colored half moon area in the luna.

Sebaceous glands Secrete the oil sebum, which lubricates the hair and skin. Prevents drying and cracking. Secretions increase during adolescence playing a role in the development of acne. Secretions begin to diminish as age increases. A loss of sebum in old age, along with sun expose, can account for wrinkles and dry skin.

Sweat Glands About 2 million sweat glands are found throughout the body. Sweat glands function to cool the body as sweat evaporates. Sweat or perspiration contains a small amount of waste product but is it normally colorless and odorless. Sweat gland n the pubic and underarm area secrete a thicker sweat, which can produce an odor when it comes into contact with the bacteria on the kin. This is what we recognize as body odor.

Key word parts Albin/owhite Bi/olife Cry/ocold Cutane/oskin Cyan/oblue Derm/oskin Dermat/oskin

Key word parts Hidr/osweat Kerat/ohard Leuk/owhite Lip/ofat Onych/onail Intrawithin, among -dermaskin Scler/ohard

Key word parts -opsyto view Rhytid/owrinkle Erythr/ored -phagiaeat, swallow

Key words Intradermal- within the skin Hyperhidrosis - condition of excessive sweating Onychomalacia - abnormal softening of nails Rhytidectomy - surgical removal of wrinkles Scleroderma- condition of hard, leather like skin Erythroderma- red skin Abrasion- scraping away skin Dematosis - abnormal condition of the skin

Key words Hirsutism -excessive hair growth over body Ecchymosis - bruise Lacerationtorn or jagged wound Maculeflat spot Decubitus ulcer - bedsore or pressure sore Albinismperson not able to produce melanin Pediculosislice

Key words Biopsyexamination of tissue;mircoscope Debridementremove of foreign or dead material from a wound Cryosurgery exposing skin to extreme cold to destroy it Onychophagia nail biting Keloid hard, raised scar Purulentcontaining pus Alopeciabaldness Scabies contagious skin disease caused by a mite.