Latin American Revolutions! GUIDED NOTES ARE UNDERLINED

Causes of Latin American Revolutions 1.Enlightenment Ideas-Life, Liberty, Property, and Fairness to all 2.Creole discontent at being left out of government jobs and trade concessions. 3.Inspiration of American and French Revolutions. 4.Preoccupation of Spain & Portugal in fighting the Napoleonic Wars.

1. Enlightenment Ideas 1.Laws of nature [NATURAL LAWS] govern natural science and human society. 2.Give people rights  life, liberty, property! 3.Make fair societies based on reason possible. 4.Challenged the theory of “Divine Right” monarchy.

2. Creole Discontent

3. Inspiration of American & French Revolutions Declaration of Independence, 1776 Declaration of the Rights of Man & of the Citizen, 1789

4. Preoccupation of Spain & Portugal In Fighting Napoleonic Wars

 Many rebellions in the 1970’s and 1980’s were a result of people/groups protesting what they see as unjust societies.  Income gap  Slums- lack access to opportunities  Education systems (focus on wealthy)

 At the conclusion of Spanish rule during the 1800’s South America was ruled by small groups of Spanish Colonists (Oligarchies/Caudillo)  This system of government limits freedoms, censors speech, and harshly punishes dissenters of the government. ▪ Example: Mexico – Controlled by the Institutional Revolutionary Party for over 71 years through fraud and corruption ▪ Argentina: Juan Peron (Caudillo/Military Leader)  This is the advent of the creation of Totalitarian Systems in South America  Other examples of Totalitarian systems throughout Latin America are:  Cuba- Dictatorship (Castro Regime)  Venezuela – Federal Republic? (Hugo Chavez)  Chile- Under military rule of Pinochet (1973 coup d'état)

What is the Message?

Fidel Castro Has ruled Cuba since Cuban missile crisis October 1962.

Cuba has a command economy.

Migrants have been found on rafts or small boats made out of refrigerators, bathtubs, surfboards and inner tubes.

The ailing Mr. Castro handed over the presidency to his younger brother, Raul, in Since officially taking over, the younger Castro has offered blunt assessments of Cuba’s condition and begun to push for economic reforms.

Hugo Chávez ( (born 28 July 1954) is the President of Venezuela. As the leader of the Revolution, Chávez promotes socialism and is also a critic of globalization, and the United States. Chávez's policies have evoked controversy in Venezuela and abroad, receiving everything from vehement criticism to enthusiastic support. During the presidency of George W. Bush the government of the United States stated at various points that Chávez was a threat to democracy in Latin America. Many other governments sympathize with his ideology or welcome his bilateral trade and reciprocal aid agreements. In 2005 and 2006 he was named one of Time magazine's 100 most influential people.

 Many Countries throughout South America are pushing for more democratic systems of government.  Three things need to be done to create a stable democracy  Political Reform: change in government policies and directives  Economic Reform: Reduction of government spending  Land Reform: Breaking up large land holdings into smaller pieces for peasant farmers  Examples of Countries that have worked to become democratic after totalitarian rule  Argentina: Junta (Military Rule) for most of the last century has led people of Argentina to seek democratic rule since the 1980’s  Venezuela: Military Dictatorships that have left the government unstable & people were discontent with the leadership.  Haiti: Military Dictatorships have ravaged the country and caused UN/US involvement to remove the regimes and help to allow democratic elections

 Leftist  concern for those in society who are perceived as disadvantaged relative to others and an assumption that there are unjustified inequalities that need to be reduced or abolished

 Use the next few pages to help answer The Fever Model: Stages of Revolutions

 Read about the Latin America Revolutions and place the events of each revolution in stages using the fever model

 Compare and Contrast the two revolutionary movements. KEEP THIS WITH YOUR NOTES – I MAY CHECK TOMORROW DURING YOUR VOCAB QUIZ FOR A GRADE!! (Daily or quiz!)