Energy Return On Investment (EROI) Charles Hall (SUNY College Env Sci & Forestry)

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Energy Return On Investment (EROI) Charles Hall (SUNY College Env Sci & Forestry)

estimated minimum EROI required for the basic functioning of an industrial society ca

Energy Return On Investment (EROI)

Energy return on investment (EROI) for different energy sources. Lighter color indicates range of EROI, depending on conditions. Source: Charles A.S. Hall and John W. Day, Jr. in “Revisiting the Limits to Growth After Peak Oil” in American Scientist, May-June, 2009.

Energy Return On Investment (EROI) Energy return on investment (EROI) for different energy sources. Lighter color indicates range of EROI, depending on conditions. Source: Charles A.S. Hall and John W. Day, Jr. in “Revisiting the Limits to Growth After Peak Oil” in American Scientist, May-June, 2009.

Q: Can BioFuels Can Be Competitive? A: Yes Carbon Intensity Energy Density gram CO 2 /KWatt-hour KWatt-hour/kg ED ethanol is only 2/3 that of gasoline

% Electricity from Renewable Sources by Country

Israel 1% France 12% United States 13% Germany 21% Spain 30% Denmark 40% Portugal 47% Sweden 55% Canada 63 % Norway 97% Iceland 100% 66% hydroelectric; 20% wind 93% hydroelectric hydroelectric and geothermal 28% wind 37% wind; 19% hydroelectric; 15% solar