The Skeletal System

Word parts and Abbreviations Define each ankyl/o arthr/o chondr/o cost/o crani/o -desis kyph/o BPD CR Fx OA OP TMJ THA TJA TKA lord/o -lysis myel/o oste/o scoli/o synovi/o -um

Functions of the Bones: 5 main functions of the skeletal system Support: bones form the internal framework that supports and anchors all soft organs. Protection: bones protect soft body organs. Movement: skeletal muscles, attached to bones by tendons, use the bones as levers to more the body and its parts. Storage: bones serve as storage areas for minerals, the most important being calcium and phosphorous. Fat is also stored in the internal cavities of bones. Blood cell formation: red blood cells are produced in the marrow cavities of bones

Bone Marrow The Cavities of Bones contain a Soft Tissue called BONE MARROW. TWO TYPES OF BONE MARROW: YELLOW BONE MARROW YELLOW BONE MARROW Fat storage area RED BONE MARROW RED BONE MARROW Hemopoietic- forms new red blood cells special white blood cells called lymphocytes and other elements of blood like thrombocytes Foramen Opening in the bone where blood vessels pass through Opening in the bone where blood vessels pass through

2 Division of the Skeletal System The Axial Skeleton 80 bones 80 bones Skull Skull Eight cranial bones 14 bones of face Spinal column Spinal column Ribs Ribs Sternum Sternum The Appendicular Skeleton 126 bones Arm bones Leg bones Girdle Pelvis

Skeleton Illustrated

Skull Lets label your diagram

Ribs 12 pairs of ribs  Attached posterior to thoracic vertebrae Sternum  Forms the front, middle portion of the rib cage  Manubrium- the upper portion  Xiphoid process- the lower tip

Arm, shoulder and hand bones Shoulders - pectoral girdles Clavicle and scapula, acromion Upper limb or arm bones- humerus, radius, and ulna Wrist, Hands and Fingers Wrist, Hands and Fingers carpals, metacarpals, phalanges

Spinal Column 26 vertebrae divided into five regions: Cervical 7 Thoracic 12 Lumbar 5 Sacrum 1 Coccyx 1

Bones of the Hips, Legs and Feet Pelvic Girdle Ilium, sacroiliac, ischium, pubis, acetabulum Legs and Knee femur, patella, tibia, fibula Ankle Feet and Toes tarsals, calcaneus, metatarsals, phalanges

Costochondritis Dwarfism Fibrous dysplasia Gouty arthritis Herniated Disk Kyphosis Lordosis Lumbago Osteitis Osteomyelitis Primary bone cancer Scoliosis Spina bifida Spondylitis Spondylosis Subluxation Talipes Diseases/Disorders

Procedures Arthrolysis Arthroplasty Autogous Chrondroplasty Closed reduction Dual x-ray absorptiometry Osteorrhaphy Radiography

Medical Specialist Chiropractor Orthropedic Surgeon Osteopathetic Physician Podiatrist Rheumatologist

Types of Fractures Comminuted Compression Oblique Spiral Stress Transverse