Unit 9: Classification

Dichotomous (divided into two parts) Key Helps students and scientists identify an unknown or new species Consists of paired statements often they are opposites: Black/white; good/evil; pointed/rounded CURRENT TARGET: I can create a dichotomous key to classify and identify an organism.

CURRENT TARGET: I can use a dichotomous key to identify an organism. Use constant characteristics rather than variable ones. (Flowers change with the seasons) Use measurements rather than terms like "large" and "small" Make the choice a positive one (something "is" instead of "is not”) If possible, start both choices of a pair with the same word or item (the body is “round” vs the body is “square”) Finish the dichotomous key with a full description of the organism

1. a. wings covered by an exoskeleton – go to step 2 b. wings freely observed – Go to step 3 2. a. body has a round shape ………. ladybug, a red beetle with black spots b. body has an elongated shape ………. grasshopper, a green insect that hops 3. a. wings point out from the side of the body ………. dragonfly, an insect that is cm long and lives in marshes b. wings point to the posterior of the body …….. housefly, a flying insect with red eyes and an annoying buzz CURRENT TARGET: I can use a dichotomous key to identify an organism.

A dichotomous key can also be expressed in a diagram form CURRENT TARGET: I can use a dichotomous key to identify an organism.

CURRENT TARGET: I can describe relationships between organisms based on their homologous structures. Homologous structures may not necessarily perform the same function but they share a common ancestral origin

CURRENT TARGET: I can use fossils to compare structural relationships between organisms. The whale flipper shares a similar morphology to appendages of birds and mammals, indicating that these species share a common ancestor.morphology

CURRENT TARGET: I can use and compare genetic sequences to determine if organisms are related.

CURRENT TARGET: I can create and interpret a cladogram (evolutionary chart) to see relationships between organisms.

Scientific names consist of the genus and species Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens The genus is capitalized and the species is all lower case. CURRENT TARGET: I can explain why a two-part naming system is important in classifying organisms.

Carolus Linnaeus Founder of the science of taxonomy He classified things by their shape and structure Came up with BINOMIAL NOMENCLATURE (2 name system) CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.

We just had two Kingdoms a long time ago: Plants and Animals/ Today we have six (6) Kingdoms

ANIMALIA Contains complex, multicellular, organisms that lack cell walls Usually able to move around and have a nervous system so they can respond to their environment CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.

PLANTEA Contains complex multicellular organisms. that are usually green and make their own food with sunlight CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.

PROTISTA Contains eukaryotic single celled or multicellular organisms, they are not plants, animals or fungi They are autotrophs, able to make their food with the sun CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.

FUNGI Complex organisms that obtain food by breaking down other substances in their surroundings and absorbing nutrients. CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.

ARCHAEBACTERIA Bacteria that thrive in extreme environments CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.

EUBACTERIA Contains free living bacteria found in many varied environments Today we have 2 kingdoms of bacteria CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.

LEVELS OF CLASSIFICATION How many are there? SEVEN Kingdom (King) Phylum (Phillip) Class (Came) Order (Over) Family (For) Genus (Good) Species (Spaghetti) CURRENT TARGET: I can list the levels of classification developed by Linnaeus from the broadest category to the most specific.