RNA Transcription, Translation and Protein Synthesis.

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RNA and Protein Synthesis

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Presentation transcript:

RNA Transcription, Translation and Protein Synthesis

RNA O O=P-O OPhosphate Group Group N Nitrogenous base (A, U, G, C ) (A, U, G, C ) CH2 O C1C1 C4C4 C3C3 C2C2 5 Sugar Sugar (ribose) (ribose)

RNA Function: obtain information from DNA & synthesizes proteins

3 differences from DNA 1.Single strand instead of double strand 2.Ribose instead of deoxyribose 3.Uracil instead of thymine

3 types of RNA 1.Messenger RNA (mRNA)- copies information from DNA for protein synthesis Codon- 3 base pairs that code for a single amino acid. codon

3 types of RNA 2. Transfer RNA (tRNA)- collects amino acids for protein synthesis Anticodon-a sequence of 3 bases that are complementary base pairs to a codon in the mRNA

3 types of RNA 3. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)- combines with proteins to form ribosomes

Amino Acids Amino acids- the building blocks of protein At least one kind of tRNA is present for each of the 20 amino acids used in protein synthesis.

Transcription - mRNA is made from DNA & goes to the ribosome Translation - Proteins are made from the message on the mRNA

Transcription In order for cells to make proteins, the DNA code must be transcribed (copied) to mRNA. The mRNA carries the code from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Translation At the ribosome, amino acids (AA) are linked together to form specific proteins. The amino acid sequence is directed by the mRNA molecule. ribosome Amino acids

Make A Protein DNA sequence ATG AAA AAC AAG GTA TAG mRNA sequence UAC UUU UUG UUC CAU AUC

Make mRNA mRNA sequence UAC UUU UUG UUC CAU AUC tRNA sequence AUG AAA AAC AAG GUA UAG

Make mRNA tRNA sequence AUG AAA AAC AAG GUA UAG Amino Acid sequence met lys asn lys val stop