DNA Connection Making Proteins Mutations Genetic Disorders Misc. Human Inheritance

These pairs of nitrogen bases create strands of __________. A 100

DNA A 100

In DNA, what does Thymine always pair with? A 200

Adeine A 200

In DNA and RNA, what does cytosine always pair with? A 300

Guanine A 300

During what part of cell division does the cell create an exact copy of its genetic material? A 400

Interphase A 400

What is the process of copying DNA called? A 500

DNA Replication A 500

Proteins are long organic molecules made up of what smaller structures? B 100

Amino Acids B 100

Where are new proteins created? B 200

Ribosomes B 200

What do you call the process of creating new proteins? B 300

Protein Synthesis B 300

This type of RNA copies the coded message from the DNA in the nucleus. B 400

Messenger RNA (mRNA) B 400

This type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome to add to the growing protein. B 500

Transfer RNA (tRNA) B 500

This is caused by a change to the gene or chromosome during the production of proteins. C 100

Mutation C 100

When a mutation increases an organism's chance for survival, such as bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics, are ______________ to that organism C 200

Helpful C 200

When a mutation reduces an organism’s chance for survival it is a ___________ mutation. C 300

Harmful C 300

DAILY DOUBLE C 400 DAILY DOUBLE

Mutations in this type of cell will NOT be passed on to future offspring. C 400

Body Cells C 400

Mutations in this type of cell may be passed on to future offspring through meiosis. C 500

Reproductive Cells C 500

What messenger RNA strand is created from the following DNA strand? ATCCTG D 100

ATCCTG UAGGAC D 100

This is a disease in which cells grow and divide uncontrollably, damaging parts of the body around them. D 200

Cancer D 200

This is a large mass of abnormal cells. D 300

Tumor D 300

Amino acids are made up of how many nitrogen bases? D 400

Three D 400

A person that has one recessive allele and one dominant allele for a trait is called a ______________ or heterozygous or hybrid. D 500

Carrier D 500

Looking at the symbol below, describe the: E 100

Some traits are controlled by a single gene with multiple alleles (3 or more). How many alleles can one person have for that gene? E 200

Only Two 1 from each parent E 200

If a person's blood type genotype has the allele for A blood and B blood, they will have type AB blood. What is this pattern of inheritance called where two alleles work together? E 300

Codominance E 300

What do you call the genes found on the X and Y chromosomes - related to gender? E 400

Sex-linked Genes

What is the probability that a child from the following cross may be colorblind? What is the gender of this child? E 500 XCXC Y XCXC XcXc

25% XCXC Y XCXC XcXc Male

What do you call the following chart or “family tree” that tracks which members of a family have a particular trait? F 100

Pedigree F 100

F 200 This is an abnormal condition that a person inherits through mutations to genes or chromosomes.

Genetic Disorder F 200

Genetic disorder that creates an overproduction of mucus in the lungs making it harder to breath for individuals with this disorder. F 300

Cystic Fibrosis F 300

Genetic disorder that prevents the protein for normal blood clotting from being produced making internal bleading from small bumps and bruises very dangerous. F 400

Hemophilia F 400

Genetic disorder where there is an extra copy of chromosome 21 creating some degree of intellectual disability F 500

Down Syndrome F 500