Final Exam Review Newton’s Laws Friction & Weight.

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Presentation transcript:

Final Exam Review Newton’s Laws Friction & Weight

Newton’s 1 st Law Objects in motion stay in motion and objects at rest stay at rest unless a force acts on it. (Law of Inertia)

Example The meteor in Armageddon would have continued toward the Earth unless Ben and Bruce blew it off course. (Applied a net force to change it’s motion)

Newton’s 2 nd Law F = ma Key Point: A net force will change the velocity or direction of motion of an object.

Example Roberto and Laura are studying across from each other at a wide table. Laura slides a 2.2kg book toward Roberto. If the net force acting on the book is 1.6N, what is the book’s acceleration?

Example Roberto and Laura are studying across from each other at a wide table. Laura slides a 2.2kg book toward Roberto. If the net force acting on the book is 1.6N, what is the book’s acceleration? Givens m = 2.2 kg F = 1.6 N

Example Roberto and Laura are studying across from each other at a wide table. Laura slides a 2.2kg book toward Roberto. If the net force acting on the book is 1.6N, what is the book’s acceleration? Givens m = 2.2 kg F = 1.6 N F = ma → 1.6N = (2.2kg)a a = 0.73 m/s 2

Practice Pg 132- Practice C

Newton’s 3 rd Law “Every action has an equal and opposite reaction” Forces come in pairs.

Weight Def: Force of gravity on an object’s mass. If “g” changes, so does weight. You “weigh” less on Mars, because g= 3.7 m/s 2 there instead of 9.8 m/s 2 like Earth. Earth Mars BIG SMALL

Example Determine the weight of a 150kg man on the surface of the earth. F = ma F = (150kg)(9.8m/s 2 ) = 1470N

Practice Determine the weight of the 150kg person on the following planets: PlanetGravity Mercury3.6 m/s 2 Venus8.6 m/s 2 Jupiter25.9 m/s 2 Saturn11.3 m/s 2

Friction Def: The force that resists motion between two objects in contact together. Formula: F f = μF n Examples: Sliding friction (box on floor) Air resistance (falling objects) Water resistance (swimming)

Example A 24kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal floor requires a 75N horizontal force to set it in motion. Find the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor.

Example A 24kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal floor requires a 75N horizontal force to set it in motion. Find the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor. Givens F f = 75N m = 24kg F n = ?

Example A 24kg crate initially at rest on a horizontal floor requires a 75N horizontal force to set it in motion. Find the coefficient of static friction between the crate and the floor. Givens F f = 75N m = 24kg F n = ? F n = mg = (24kg)(9.8m/s 2 ) = 235N F f = μF n → 75N = μ(235N) μ = 0.32

Practice Pg 139- Practice D Problem 2