NATIONALISM AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT America in the Era of Good Feelings

Standard?  SSUSH7 Students will explain the process of economic growth, its regional and national impact in the first half of the 19th century, and the different responses to it.  Explain the impact of the Industrial Revolution as seen in Eli Whitney’s invention of the cotton  Describe the westward growth of the United States; include the emerging concept of Manifest Destiny.

The End of the Federalist!

The Era of Good Feelings  The Era of Good Feelings was a period characterized by limited political discord due to the disappearance of the Federalists  Nationalism began to be a defining national characteristic in the forms of:  Cultural nationalism (Hudson River School, American Literature)  Economic Nationalism (Tariff of 1816, American System)

Autumn on The Hudson

Jaspar Cropsey

Clouds over the Palisades

Quick thoughts…  How do the landscape elements of the Hudson River School demonstrate a new American nationalism?  Pair up with someone next to you and share your writing

The West and the Rise of Sectionalism  Why move West?  Acquisition of lands held by Native Americans  Economic pressure: North: War and embargo had lessened opportunity South: New lands needed for cotton cultivation  Improved transportation Railroads, canals, roads and steam power made travel much easier than in previous times.  Immigration Europeans were attracted by the lure of cheap land, not something to be found in most of Europe

The West and the Rise of Sectionalism  The goal during expansion was to attempt to maintain balance between Slave and Free states  Senator Tallmadge of New York touched off the sectional tensions with an amendment that would have banned further introduction of slaves, and emancipated children of existing slaves at age 25.  The South saw this as the first step toward full emancipation  Henry Clay balanced the interests of North and South through the Missouri Compromise  Missouri is added as a slave state, Maine comes in as a free state and in the rest of the Louisiana Territory slavery is banned above 36*30’ North latitude.

Quick thoughts…  How did the Missouri Compromise exhibit the downside of intractable positions rather than a positive of North and South relations?  Pair up with someone new share your writing

The Era of Good Feelings  The Era of Good Feelings was largely shattered with the Panic of  The 2nd Bank of the United States had tightened credit to control inflation  The limited access to money, combined with the wild land speculation in the West led to an economic depression.  This Panic of 1819 led to a call for political change and opposition to the Bank  The political change was manifested in the views of leading Republicans, once the champions of limited government, becoming leaders of big government. (Tariffs, Bank)

Foreign Policy and Nationalism  Rush-Bagot agreement of 1817  A major disarmament agreement on the Great Lakes  The Treaty of 1818  Shared fishing rights of Newfoundland  Joint occupation of the Oregon Territory  Northern border at 49*  Jackson’s military campaign  1817: Jackson’s overzealous campaign demonstrated the power of the American military, but frightened many in Congress  Florida Purchase Treaty  Spain was disenchanted by Jackson’s force and decided to get the best possible terms for a sale before the US took it by force  The Monroe Doctrine  Stated that Europeans should stay out of the affairs of the Western Hemisphere.

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Economic Development  Growth of Population  Provided both labor and consumers  Mostly provided by a high birth rate, but also immigration  Transportation  Roadways, Canals, Steamboat  Lancaster Road (Pa), Erie Canal (NY), Clermont (1807)  Growth of Industry  Corporation, Factories, Unions  Commercial Agricultural  Cheap land and easy credit  Cotton and the South  The invention of the cotton gin greatly increased the need for slaves, imported until 1808

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