LEUKEMIA LEUKEMIA

Definition leukemia Leukemia – it is tumor, which erise from bloodforming cells and primary demages bone marrow Leukemia – it is tumor, which erise from bloodforming cells and primary demages bone marrow

Classification of leucosis Acute leucosis Acute leucosis myeloid myeloid lymphoid lymphoid Chronical leucosis Chronical leucosis myeloid myeloid lymphoid lymphoid

Acute myeloid leucosis Undifferentiated Undifferentiated Myeloblastic without maturate Myeloblastic without maturate Мyeloblastic с maturate Мyeloblastic с maturate Promyelocytic Promyelocytic Myelomonoblastic Myelomonoblastic Monoblastic Monoblastic Erythroblastic Erythroblastic Megakaryoblastic Megakaryoblastic

Histochemical criteries of acute leucosis differentiation 1. Peroxidase reaction 1. Peroxidase reaction 2. Acidic phosphatase reaction 2. Acidic phosphatase reaction 3. Unspecific esterase reaction 3. Unspecific esterase reaction 4. Lipid reaction 4. Lipid reaction 5. Compound carbohydrates reaction 5. Compound carbohydrates reaction

Reaction of myeloblastes and other cells of neutrophilic line of peroxidase

Reaction of monoblastes of α- naphtylacetateesterase

Reaction of myeloblastes and monoblastes of acidic phosphatase

Reaction with black sudan of lipids

Acidic sulfurated mucopolysaccharides reaction

Acute undifferentiated leucosis - blood

Acute undifferentiated leucosis – b. marrow

Acute undifferentiated leucosis– b. marrow. Аtypical cells

Acute myeloblastic – b. marrow. Initial stage. Granular myeloblast. Aur ’s stab

Acute myeloblastosis– b. marrow Тotal myeloblastic metaplasia

Acute myeloblastic leucosis – blood. Peroxidase reaction

Acute myeloblastic leucosis – b. marrow. Peroxidase reaction

Acute myeloblastosis – b. marrow Of the left – peroxidase reaction (2) Of the right – Aur ’s stab (2)

Acute myelomonoblastisis – b. marrow. Esterase reaction

Acute erythroblastosis – b. marrow Erythroblast double sprout sharp Myeloblast with Aur ’s stab

Acute megakaryoblastic leucosis – b. marrow

Acute lymphoid leucosis Leycosis of general type Leycosis of general type Т-lymphoblastic Т-lymphoblastic В-lymphoblastic В-lymphoblastic

Acute lymphoblastic leucosis – blood. Lymphocytec and lymphoblastes

Acute lymphoblastic leucosis - blood

Acute В-lymphoblastosis – b. marrow Big vacuolized lymphoblastes

Acute lymphoblastic leucosis – b. marrow

Acute lymphoblastic leucosis – b. marrow. Initial stage

Acute lymphoblastosis – b. marrow Тоtal lymphoblastic metaplasia

Chronical myeloid leucosis Myelocytic Myelocytic Monocytic Monocytic Eosinophilic Eosinophilic Erythroblastic Erythroblastic Megakaryocytic Megakaryocytic

Chronical myelocytic leucosis – blood. Chronical phase

Chronical myeloleucosis – blood Stage of crisis of blastic cells

Chronical myelocytic leucosis– blood. Stages of maturate of neutrophils

Chronical myeloleucosis – blood. Rejuvenation of cellular staff

Chronical myeloleucosis – b. marrow. Unfolded stage

Chronical myeloleucosis – b. marrow Stage of crisis of blastic cells

Chronical myelocytic leucosis with eosinophilic – b. marrow

Chronical myelocytic leucosis, eosinophilic variant – b. marrow

Chronical myeloleucosis, basophilic variant Unfolded stage

Chronical myeloleucosis, basophilic variant – b. marrow. Stage of crisis of blastic cells

Chronical monocytic leucosis - blood

Chronical lymphoid leucosis В-lymphocytic В-lymphocytic Т-lymphocytic (1,5 %) Т-lymphocytic (1,5 %) Haircell Haircell

Chronical В-cells lymphocytic leucosis - blood

Chronical lympholeucosis – blood Nuclear Guprecht ’s shadow

Chronical lympholeucosis – b. marrow. Тоtal lymphoid metaplasia

Chronical haircell leucosis - blood

Haircell leucosis – blood. Acidic phosphatase reaction

Mechanisms of activation of cellular oncogenes Point mutation Point mutation Chromosomal aberration Chromosomal aberration Virus transduction Virus transduction Insertious mutagenesis Insertious mutagenesis Genes amplification Genes amplification

Clinical manifestation of leucosis Metaplastic аnemia Metaplastic аnemia Thrombocytopenia Thrombocytopenia Hemorrhagic syndrome Hemorrhagic syndrome Secondary immunodeficiency Secondary immunodeficiency Decrease of resistance Decrease of resistance