The Writers of the “Lost Generation” 김태형 이원경 손재민 An outline of American Literatures 담당교수 : 김연만

Contents 1. Words 2. About “Lost Generation” 3. Authors 4. References

Words generation: all the people in a group or country who are of a similar age. spree: a short period of time that you spend doing one particular activity that you enjoy, but often too much of it earthquake: a sudden, violent shaking of the earth's surface. bribe: a sum of money or something valuable that one person offers or gives to another in order to persuade him or her to do something. moth: a flying insect with a long thin body and four large wings, like a butterfly, but less brightly coloured. materialistic: caring more about money and possessions than anything else. stoicism: the fact of not complaining or showing what you are feeling when you are suffering.

modernism: a movement in the arts in the first half of the twentieth century that rejected traditional values and techniques, and emphasized the importance of individual experience. parallel: very similar or taking place at the same time. trilogy: a series of three books, plays, or films that have the same subject or the same characters. racism: the belief that people of some races are inferior to others, and the behaviour which is the result of this belief. obscene: connected with sex in a way that most people find offensive. pygmy: a very small person or thing or one that is weak in some way. epic: a long film/movie or book that contains a lot of action, usually about a historical subject. Words

About “Lost generation”(1/2) During the 1920's a group of writers known as "The Lost Generation" gained popularity. The term "the lost generation" was coined by Gertrude Stein who is rumored to have heard her auto-mechanic while in France to have said that his young workers were, "une generation perdue". This refered to the young workers' poor auto- mechanic repair skills. Gertrude Stein would take this phrase and use it to describe the people of the 1920's who rejected American post World War I values. The three best known writers among The Lost Generation are F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ernest Hemingway and John Dos Passos.

About “Lost generation”(2/2) Others among the list are: Sherwood Anderson, Kay Boyle, Hart Crane, Ford Maddox Ford and Zelda Fitzgerald. Ernest Hemingway, perhaps the leading literary figure of the decade, would take Stein's phrase, and use it as an epigraph for his first novel, The Sun Also Rises. Because of this novel's popularity, the term, "The Lost Generation" is the enduring term that has stayed associated with writers of the 1920's. The novels produced by the writers of the Lost Generation give insight to the lifestyles that people lead during the 1920's in America, and the literary works of these writers were innovative for their time and have influenced many future generations in their styles of writing.

1. William Faulkner(1/2) - William Faulkner was a Nobel Prize-winning American author. One of the most influential writers of the 20th century, his reputation is based on his novels, novellas and short stories. He was also a published poet and an occasional screen writer. - While his work was published regularly starting in the mid 1920s, Faulkner was relatively unknown before receiving the 1949 Nobel Prize in Literature. Since then, he has often been cited as one of the most important writers in the history of American literature. William faulkner

1. William Faulkner(2/2) Works: The sound and the fury First published in 1929, Faulkner created his "heart's darling," the beautiful and tragic Caddy Compson, whose story Faulkner told through separate monologues by her three brothers the idiot Benjy, the neurotic suicidal Quentin and the monstrous Jason. Works :Absalom, Absalom!: The story of Thomas Sutpen, an enigmatic stranger who came to Jefferson in the early 1830s to wrest his mansion out of the muddy bottoms of the north Mississippi wilderness. He was a man, Faulkner said, "who wanted sons and the sons destroyed him.”

2. F.Scott Fitzgerald (1/2) -Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald was an American author of novels and short stories, whose works are evocative of the Jazz Age, a term he coined himself. He is widely regarded as one of the twentieth century's greatest writers. -Works: The Great Gatsby -Works: Tender Is the Night Scott Fitzgerald

2. F.Scott Fitzgerald(2/2) Works: The Great Gatsby The Great Gatsby is a novel by the American author F. Scott Fitzgerald. First published on April 10, 1925, it is set on Long Island's North Shore and in New York City during the summer of 1922 and is a critique of the American Dream. The novel chronicles an era that Fitzgerald himself dubbed the "Jazz Age". Following the shock and chaos of World War I, American society enjoyed unprecedented levels of prosperity during the "roaring" 1920s as the economy soared. Works: Tender Is the Night Tender Is the Night is an English language novel by F. Scott Fitzgerald. It was first published in Scribner's Magazine between January-April, 1934 in four issues. It is ranked on the Modern Library's list of the 100 Greatest Novels of the 20th Century.

3. Ernest Hemingway (1/2) -Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American writer and journalist. He was part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris, and one of the veterans of World War I later known as "the Lost Generation." He received the Pulitzer Prize in 1953 for The Old Man and the Sea, and the Nobel Prize in Literature in Works : The Sun Also Rises The Old Man and the Sea Men without Women Two-Hearted River For Whom the Bell Tolls Ernest Hemingway

3. Ernest Hemingway(2/2) Works: The Sun Also Rises The Sun Also Rises (1926), was Hemingway's first novel. Written in 1925 and published in 1926, The Sun Also Rises (initially named Fiesta) was an autobiographical novel that epitomized the post-war expatriate generation for future generations. In The Sun Also Rises, Hemingway melds Paris to Spain; vividly depicts the running of the bulls in Pamplona; presents the symmetry of bullfighting as a place to face death; and blends the frenzy of the fiesta with the tranquility of the Spanish landscape. The novel is generally considered Hemingway's best work.The Sun Also Rises was adapted to film in Works: The Old Man and the Sea Written in 1951, and published in 1952, The Old Man and the Sea is the final work published during Hemingway's lifetime. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for The Old Man and the Sea in 1954.[149] The book was featured in Life Magazine, became a Book-of- the Month selection, and Hemingway became a celebrity. That novella's great success, both commercial and critical, satisfied and fulfilled Hemingway. It earned him the Pulitzer Prize in May, The next year he was awarded with the Nobel Prize in Literature.

4. John Dos Passos (1/2) -Dos Passos was born in Chicago, Illinois, the son of John Randolph Dos Passos Jr. ( ). The elder Dos Passos was a lawyer of Madeiran Portuguese descent, the son of John Randolph Dos Passos and Mary Hays and the brother of Louis Hays Dos Passos. He was an authority on trusts and a staunch supporter of the powerful industrial conglomerates his son would come to oppose in his fictional works of the 1920s and 30s. John Dos Passos

4. John Dos Passos(2/2) Works : The Big Money (1936) John Dos Passos's The Big Money (1936) argues that the pursuit of the American dream ends in corruption. No matter what good intentions the characters possess, the desire for big money tarnishes, and eventually destroys, their authenticity. Dos Passos illustrates this idea by detailing the personal journey of each character and providing a sketch of an actual public figure whose life parallels, frames, or comments on the fictional characters' lives. Works : Manhattan Transfer Manhattan Transfer is a novel by John Dos Passos published in It focuses on the urban life of New York City in the Jazz Age as told through a series of overlapping individual stories. It is considered to be one of Dos Passos' most important works. The book attacks the consumerism and social indifference of contemporary urban life, portraying a Manhattan that is merciless yet teeming with energy and restlessness. The book shows some of Dos Passos' experimental writing techniques and narrative collages that would become more pronounced in his U.S.A.

References An Outline of American literature

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