POLITICAL SYSTEMS

VOCABULARY bicameral - dvoukomorový the Chamber of Deputies - Poslanecká sněmovna dissolve - rozpustit assembly - shromáždění hereditary - dědičný peer - slěchtic devolved national authorities - decentralizované národní orgány civil servant - úředník delay - zpozdit

INTRODUCTION system of the CR system of the UK system of the USA comparison

the CR parliamentary representative democracy legislation: the Parliament execution: the Government, the President jurisdiction: courts

Legislative power bicameral parliament the Chamber of Deputies + the Senate

the Senatethe Chamber of Deputies upper house 81 members 6 years one third changes every 2 years committees and commissions delay a proposed law Wallenstein Palace lower house 200 members 4 years propose laws Thun Palace

Executive power Government of the Czech Republic the Prime Minister, Deputy ministers and other ministers responsible to the Chamber of Deputies

the President formal head of state limited and specific powers returns bills to the parliament nominates constitutional court judges dissolves the Chamber of Deputies appoints the prime minister 5 years (twice) 2013 – direct election

Judicial power civil law system based on Germanic law triumvirate system of the main courts the Constitutional Court the Supreme Court the Supreme Administrative Court

the UK constitutional monarchy + parliamentary democracy legislation: the Parliament execution: the Government jurisdiction: Courts

Legislative power the UK Parliament bicameral supreme legislative body one of the oldest in the world devolved national authorities - the Scottish Parliament - the Welsh Assembly - the Northern Ireland Assembly the House of Commons + the House of Lords

House of LordsHouse of Commons Upper house 650 seats, 815 members Lords Spiritual - 26 bishops Lords Temporal – life/hereditary peers consider laws Lord Chancellor Palace of Westminster Lower house 650 members 5 years General election winner forms the Government looser forms the Shadow Cabinet -> two party system Prime Minister Palace of Westminster

Executive power the Government devolved national authorities - the Scottish Government - the Welsh Assembly Government - the Northern Ireland Executive

The UK Government 100 members The Cabinet – 20 members number of ministries 10 Downing Street Prime Minister senior Cabinet Minister executive function majority of seats in the House of Commons appoints Ministers -> Government Departments member of Parliament or peer in the House of Lords

Judicial power not a single legal system three distinct systems of law - English law - Northern Ireland law - Scots law Supreme Court of the United Kingdom Judicial Committee of the Privy Council

the Monarch head of state representational duties appointment of the Prime Minister dissolution of Parliament commander-in-chief of the British Armed Forces Buckingham palace

the USA constitutional republic + representative democracy the Government (federal, state, and local) legislation: the Congress execution: the President + the Cabinet jurisdiction: Courts

Legislative power bicameral Congress the Senate + the House of Representatives

the Senatethe House of Representatives 100 members 6 years one third changes every two years The Vice President of the US two senators in each state the north wing of the Capitol more prestigious, longer terms, smaller size 435 members 6 non-voting members 2 years The Speaker of the House, each state represented by population the south wing of the Capitol pass federal legislation

Executive power The President and Vice President the Electoral College - seats based on both houses of Congress The Cabinet

The President head of state and government military commander-in-chief chief diplomat sign/veto legislation passed by Congress signs treaties with foreign nations appoints Supreme Court justices and federal judge

The Cabinet heads of the 15 departments council of advisers Executive Office of the President federal civil servants

the CRthe UKthe USA political system parliamentary representative democracy constitutional monarchyconstitutional republic head of statepresidentmonarchpresident legislationbicameral parliament bicameral Congress executiongovernment, presidentgovernment, monarchpresident jurisdictioncourts