Body Planes, Directional Terms, and Cavities Body Planes, Directional Terms, and Cavities

Body Planes: Important Concepts Body planesBody planes are imaginary lines drawn through the body at various levels to separate body into sections. Directional termsDirectional terms are created by these planes.

Body Planes Transverse planeTransverse plane: a horizontal plane that divides the body into a top and bottom half superiorBody parts above other parts are termed superior or cranial inferior or caudalBody parts below other parts are termed inferior or caudal

Body Planes Midsagittal or median planeMidsagittal or median plane divides the body into right and left sides. medial Body parts close to the midline or plane, are called medial. lateral.Body parts away from the midline are called lateral.

Body Planes Frontal or coronal planeFrontal or coronal plane divides the body into front and back sections. anterior or ventralBody parts in front of the plane, or on the front of the body are called anterior or ventral. posterior or dorsal.Body parts on the back side of the body are called posterior or dorsal.

Two more directional terms Two terms are used to describe the location of the extremities in r/t the trunk of the body. *Body parts close to the trunk of the proximal body are called proximal. *Body parts distant from the trunk or distal. point of reference are distal.

Body Cavities

Body cavities are spaces within the body that contain vital organs. There are 2 main body cavities *Dorsal *Ventral

Body Cavities Dorsal cavity: *Divided into 2 sections Cranial cavity: contains the brain Spinal cavity: contains the spinal cord © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Body Cavities Ventral cavity: *Divided into 3 sections: Thoracic Cavity Abdominal Cavity Pelvic Cavity

Thoracic Cavity

Thoracic cavity * The thoracic cavity contains the heart and all the major blood vessels of the circulatory system and the trachea, bronchi, and lungs, (respiratory system), and the ribs. The diaphragm divides the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.

Abdominal cavity

Male and female pelvic cavity

Pelvic cavity contains the bladder, male/female reproductive organs, rectum, remainder of large intestine and appendix © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Regions in the abdominopelvic cavity

Abdominal quadrants Right upper quadrant (RUQ) Right lower quadrant (RLQ) Left upper quadrant (LUQ) Left lower quadrant (LLQ) You SAY the full word…you CHART the abbreviation © 2004 Delmar Learning, a Division of Thomson Learning, Inc.

Nine abdominal regions Regions in the Abdominopelvic Cavity –Upper or epigastric region –Right hypochondriac region –Left hypochondriac region

Abdominal regions Regions in the Abdominopelvic Cavity –Middle or umbilical region –Right lumbar region –Left lumbar region

Abdominal regions Regions in the Abdominopelvic Cavity –Lower or hypogastric region –Right iliac region (inguinal) –Left iliac region (inguinal)

ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY Smaller Cavities –Orbital cavity: contains the eyes –Nasal cavity: contains the structures of the nose –Buccal cavity: Contains the mouth, teeth, and tongue.