Civil Rights Movement 1950 to 1964

Glory

On Your Own (in the book) Executive Order 8802 Double V Campaign CORE Brown v. Board of Education Montgomery Bus Boycott

The Death of Emmett Till PBS Emmett Till Documentary Sparked upsurge of activism and resistance that became known as the civil rights movement. The sight of his brutalized body pushed many to fight for equality

Little Rock Nine Response to Brown v. Board of Education Group of 9 AA students enrolled in Little Rock Central High School in 1957 Students were initially prevented from entering the LRCHS President Dwight D. Eisenhower intervened with National Guard

Greensboro Sit - Ins (1960)

February 1, students sat down at the lunch counter at the Woolworth’s in downtown Greensboro – Whites Only counter Denied service, refused to give up their seats. Police arrived on the scene, but couldn’t do anything Media spread the movement to other college towns The “Greensboro Four” stayed put until the store closed, Returned next day with more students from local colleges In march was in 55 cities in 13 states Many arrested for trespassing, disorderly conduct or disturbing the peace Founded the SNCC

SNCC Facilitated student sit-ins 50k people participated – In 126 cities Where 3,600 were arrested Significant role in sit-ins, Freedom Rides, the march on Washington, Freedom Summer, etc… Inspired the youth to gain CRM

Freedom Rides: The Movement (1961)

Freedom Rides (1961) 13 AA and white civil rights activists Recruited by CORE Bus trips through South to protest (illegal) segregation in interstate bus terminals. Hundreds participated in the next few months In September 1961, the Interstate Commerce Commission issued regulations prohibiting segregation in bus and train stations nationwide. After Alabama incident, CORE officials could not find a bus driver and abandoned the Freedom Rides. Diane Nash organized a group from Tennessee, to continue the rides under police escort Called national attention to the disregard for the federal law and the local violence used to enforce segregation in the southern United States

Freedom Rides: Eye Witness Account (1961)

Ole Miss Gets Integrated (1962) Integration of Ole Miss James Meredith – Air Force veteran Inspired by JFK’s inaugural address In 1966, 220-mile March Against Fear, shot the 2 nd day, while in recovery 15k marched for him largest civil rights march in MI 4k AA’s registered to vote during march

“Segregation Forever” Speech by George Wallace in 1963

The Birmingham Campaign

The Birmingham Campaign (1963) Project C (confrontation) Beginning of a series of sit-ins, marches and boycotts in Birmingham Peaceful demonstrations – Met with high-pressure fire hoses and police dogs on men, women and children "The events in Birmingham... have so increased the cries for equality that no city or state or legislative body can prudently choose to ignore them.“ –JFK Considered one of the major turning points of the CRM

March on Washington March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom Called for civic and economic rights for African Americans ,000 people attended Credited with helping the CRA of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 pass "I Have a Dream Speech"- MLK Jr.

th Amendment (January) Outlaws Poll taxes; white candidates turn away from white supremacy views to attract black voters Freedom Summer (Summer 1964) Civil Rights workers try to register blacks to vote; 3 killed, many properties destroyed, helps pass the CRA Civil Rights Act (July 1964) Forbids racial discrimination in hotels, voting, employment, schools…

Civil Rights Movement 1965 to 1969

Selma to Montgomery March

March 1965 King leads 54-mile march to support black voter registration. Despite attacks from police and interference from Gov. Wallace, marchers reach Montgomery. Pres. Johnson addresses nation in support of marchers

Effects of Selma In Mississippi, black voter went for 7% to 67% Southern black voter registration grows over 50% August 6, 1965: Voting Rights Act approved March 1965: Selma to Montgomery March

John Lewis and Selma Today John Lewis on the Today Show

On Your Own: Watts Riots (August 6, 1965) Malcolm X assassination (August 1965) Race Riots in Detroit and Newark (1967) MLK Jr. assassination (April 4, 1968)