Marine Mammal Visual and Acoustic Monitoring Melissa S. Soldevilla 1, Sean M. Wiggins 1, Greg S. Campbell 1, Erin M. Oleson 1, Nadia Rubio 1, John Calambokidis 2, Annie B. Douglas 2 and John A. Hildebrand 1 1 Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA, Cascadia Research Collective, 218 1/2 W 4th Ave., Olympia, WA 98501

Marine Mammal CalCOFI Project Goals Cetacean surveys on CalCOFI cruises Cetacean surveys on CalCOFI cruises Examine seasonal and inter-annual distribution patterns Examine seasonal and inter-annual distribution patterns Develop delphinid acoustic identification Develop delphinid acoustic identification Integrate environmental and cetacean data Integrate environmental and cetacean data Develop predictive ecological models of cetacean habitat Develop predictive ecological models of cetacean habitat

Gray Whale Mystecete Whales Blue Whale Fin Whale Minke Whale Humpback Whale

Odontocetes Risso’s dolphin Common dolphin Pacific white-sided dolphin Bottlenose dolphin Sperm whale Northern right whale dolphin Dall’s porpoise

CalCOFI Marine Mammal Survey Methods Visuals & Acoustics Towed Hydrophone Array Sonobuoy HARP – Seafloor Recording Package 1900 GBytes data storage 100 kHz dynamic range 60 days continuous sampling Hidrofono de arrastre

HARP Locations HARPs

Sighting Results CC0407-CC0610 Large Whales # Sightings # Individuals Blue Whale 3650 Fin Whale 4882 Gray Whale 1124 Humpback Whale 5088 Minke Whale 1212 Brydes / Sei Whale 11 Sperm Whale 2441 Killer Whale 29 Pilot Whale 130 Baird's Beaked Whale 120 Cuvier's Beaked Whale 69 Unidentified Beaked Whale 22 Unidentified Large Whale Total Sightings – 10 cruises

Sighting Results CC0407-CC0610 Dolphins & Porpoises # Sightings # Individuals Common Dolphin - Short Beaked 16113,101 Common Dolphin - Long Beaked 498,557 Common Dolphin - unidentified spp 1028,825 Risso's Dolphin Northern Right Whale Dolphin Pacific Whitesided Dolphin Rough-toothed Dolphin 19 Striped Dolphin 384 Bottlenose Dolphin Unidentified Dolphin 805,777 Dall's Porpoise Harbor Porpoise 12 Total Sightings – 10 cruises 52238,781

Coastal Distribution Long-beaked common dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Coastal/Island Distribution Bottlenose Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Shelf Distribution Risso’s Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Shelf Distribution Humpback Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Shelf with Offshore Distribution Pacific White-sided Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Shelf with Offshore Distribution Northern Right Whale Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Shelf and Offshore Distribution Blue Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Shelf and Offshore Distribution Fin Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Offshore and Shelf Distribution Dall’s Porpoise Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Offshore Distribution Sperm Whale Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Cosmopolitan Distribution Short-beaked Common Dolphin Legend 1 animal 1 animal 10 animals 10 animals 100 animals 100 animals Winter Winter Spring Spring Summer Summer Fall Fall ▬ Trackline

Seasonality – Spring Peak

Seasonality – Summer Peak

Seasonality – Fall Peak

Acoustics Visuals

Acoustic Visual

HARP Long-term Acoustic Data Unknown delphinid clicks Probable Pacific white-sided clicks Whistles :006:00 12:00

HARP Long-term Acoustic Data Probable Risso’s clicks Unknown Whistles :006:00 12:

12:00 24:00 0:00 12:00 24:00 0: Diel Calling Patterns Point ConceptionSanta Barbara Channel Santa Catalina

November January August November January August Seasonal Calling Patterns Point ConceptionSanta Barbara Channel Santa Catalina

Summary Over 800 sightings, 40,000 animals Over 800 sightings, 40,000 animals Distinct seasonal and spatial distribution patterns Distinct seasonal and spatial distribution patterns Mismatch between visual and acoustic detections Mismatch between visual and acoustic detections Diel calling pattern in HARP data Diel calling pattern in HARP data

Future Goals Integrate long-term HARP data with environmental data Integrate long-term HARP data with environmental data Examine effects of behavior Examine effects of behavior Visual and acoustic detectability Visual and acoustic detectability Night-time foraging vs. navigation Night-time foraging vs. navigation Develop predictive habitat models Develop predictive habitat models

Thank You!