WMT-Hydrology Clinic Irina Overeem and Mark Piper Scott Peckham CSDMS Annual Meeting, May 2016

Clinic Outline Intro on WMT Hydrology and TOPOFLOW Recent Advances in WMT (Mark Piper) WMT Hydrology for Teaching (Irina Overeem) Hands-on Example of Lab Discussion on further developments

What is WMT-Hydrology? A set of 18 hydrological processes components presented in the CSDMS Web Modeling Tool that allow inexperienced users to look at basic hydrological processes such as precipitation, evapotranspiration, infiltration, flow routing, channel runoff dynamics a.o..

Spatially-Distributed Hydrological Model Components Flow routing (D8) Channel Dynamics Meteorology Precipitation Meteorology Precipitation Evapotranspiration Infiltration Snow Melt Green-Ampt Richards Smith-Parlange Degree-Day Energy balance Energy-Balance Priestley-Taylor Kinematic Wave Dynamic Wave Diffusive Wave

WMT-Hydrology Philosophy Tool for Teaching! Level: advanced undergraduates Goals: familiarize with running numerical models, familiarize with exploring scenarios, with fiddling with input data, get basic insight in model coupling techniques Topical goals: quantitative hydrology, mass balance, energy balance, flow routing, channel dynamics etc….

TopoFlow is big and complex. We trimmed it a bit to fit into WMT

Using WMT Hydrology As of May 2016, 3 hydrology labs are available To get students started with WMT & Panoply (2 Labs)

Web Modeling Tool

Components originate from TOPOFLOW List of components with Basic Model Interface, most of these originate from TOPOFLOW (Peckham 2008). These set of components can now all be run as independent models; and are presented with tested default configuration. Several components can be coupled programmatically through their BMI. User can manipulate set of parameters in WMT GUI and run simulations List of components with Basic Model Interface, most of these originate from TOPOFLOW (Peckham 2008). These set of components can now all be run as independent models; and are presented with tested default configuration. Several components can be coupled programmatically through their BMI. User can manipulate set of parameters in WMT GUI and run simulations

Run and Download Data CLICK RUN and SUBMIT TO CSDMS HPCC

Panoply for Data Visualization Open source package Panoply for NetCDF files Plots times-series, X-sections, gridded datasets. Download it here: To get started CSDMS has a basic lab on using Panoply.

Lab 1 Hydrology Modeling: Energy Balance Learning objectives relation between temperature incoming solar radiation importance of watershed slope, aspect Key concepts Stefan-Boltzmann Law Geometric relationship between Earth's tilt, day of year and local slope, aspect Lab based on Meteorology component

Example Concept: Planetary Energy Balance S= 1.74 * WPlanetary albedo ~0.3 a p = 0.3 Stefan-Boltzmann Constant σ = 5.67 *10 -8 W m -2 K -4 Earth’s surface area 5.1 * m 2 Stefan-Boltzmann Constant σ = 5.67 *10 -8 W m -2 K -4 Earth’s surface area 5.1 * m 2 S= Solar energy Input Planetary Temperature without Atmosphere 254 K (or -19C or -2F) Planetary Temperature without Atmosphere 254 K (or -19C or -2F)

Example Watershed Application: Radiation Incident on a Plane η equator φ Radiative Flux by latitude Sij=cos(η+φ) η = tilt of the Earth, varies -23.5° at summer soltice, to 23.5° at winter soltice. φ = latitude Radiative Flux by latitude Sij=cos(η+φ) η = tilt of the Earth, varies -23.5° at summer soltice, to 23.5° at winter soltice. φ = latitude S0S0

Morphometry of a Watershed Aspect = direction that a topographical slope faces North-facing slopes South-facing slopes Example in Rocky Mountain region, near Salida, Colorado. North-facing slopes hold moisture and promote woody vegetation, whereas south-facing slopes are more dry and only grasses and small shrubs can sustain. Image Courtesy; Irina Overeem

Beaver Creek Watershed, KY Relief Aspect Classified into 45 degree bins Beaver Creek is at 37° N

WMT-Hydrology Energy Balance in Meteorology Component Select Meteorology Component Save output for: ‘land-surface-net-shortwave-radiation__energy flux Energy Balance in Meteorology Component Select Meteorology Component Save output for: ‘land-surface-net-shortwave-radiation__energy flux

Setup in Meteorology Use the example “Meteo_Shortwave_BeaverCreek” Set up a run for a 6-hr simulation time (e.g. sunrise – noon) at an arbitrary date in the year.

WMT Energy Balance example

Possible Simulations/Exercises Change the date settings to include the summer equinox, summer solstice Can you discuss how short-wave radiation would change the Beaver Creek catchment would be at 70° N? Show the implications of solar radiation differences with aspect.

Learning objectives concepts of watershed and runoff relation between rain and runoff in absence of evaporation and infiltration Key concepts Conservation of Mass Modeling Concepts Coupled models through BMI (time-step) Standard names for parameters Example Lab 3

drology_StreamResponsetoRain Hands-on: Explore Lab 3

Freeform manipulation, or manipulate after reviewing theory? Simulation Output: Hydrographs

Simulation Output: Planview Maps

Modeling Concepts- Standard Names dard_Names dard_Names Create awareness for code development: maintained the ‘long parameter names’. These are standard names through which the model BMI passes parameter information

Discussion on Future Development of WMT-Hydrology EKT Two more labs are in the works: snow melt and infiltration processes Promote use by teaching faculty and TA’s? Who wants to test one or more labs in the classroom? Software/CSDMS framework side Expand capability to use other DEM data formats What else would you wish for? What contributions can you make? (More theory? Better learning assessments? Make it easier to publish new labs? Package this as stand-alone application?)