US Belle II Project – Technical Elements David Asner Pacific Northwest National Laboratory

19-20 March 20142US Belle II Independent Project Review US Belle II project scope: delivering key systems to KEK US Belle II Project 1.01 Project Integration and Support 1.02 iTOP Optics 1.03 Readout Systems 1.04 KLM Systems 1.05 Commissioning Detectors KLM (WBS 1.04, readout WBS 1.03) iTOP (WBS 1.02, readout WBS 1.03) Readout Systems (WBS 1.03) to record signals from WBS 1.02 and 1.04 components Commissioning Detector (WBS 1.05)

WBS 1.02: iTOP Optics Level 2 Manager: Jim Fast

19-20 March 20144US Belle II Independent Project Review WBS 1.02: iTOP Optics Specifications, procurement, and acceptance test iTOP quartz optics Beam tests, cosmic ray tests, and simulations to validate iTOP counter performance Development of software tools for analysis of iTOP counter data

Material Selection Corning 7980 fused quartz silica – Selected prior to CD-1 as material for all iTOP optical components – Material developed for the National Ignition Facility (NIF) program – Readily available and economical material meeting specifications March 2014US Belle II Independent Project Review5

19-20 March 20146US Belle II Independent Project Review Thickness 20mm Length 2600 mm 2x1250mm+100mm Bar/mirror width 450 mm Prism height 51mm Prism length 100 mm Prism width 456 mm MCPPMT width 444 mm Optical Components Spherical Mirror Quartz bars (2) Expansion prism (wedge) MCP-PMTs All optical components produced from Corning 7980 Fused Quartz Silica

19-20 March 20147US Belle II Independent Project Review Science Driven Specifications determined with Monte Carlo Determined optical specifications and evaluated robustness of iTOP performance as geometric parameters are varied beyond specifications Many variations studied In general, the iTOP performance is tolerant of imperfect ogeometries Library of results to evaluate science impact of out of tolerance optics

Quality Assurance Zygo bars Zygo prisms ITT mirrors Aperture bars Acceptance Acceptance US Belle II Independent Project Review March 2014

9US Belle II Independent Project Review Summary of Quartz Prototypes AOS/OOW – 4 bars ordered – One completed vendor inspection December 5, 2013 – Meets specifications except thickness (19.87 mm) – Other three scheduled for completion by April 2014 Zygo Bars – 5 bars ordered – First bar delivered to KEK – meets all specifications – Second bar shipped on March 6, 2014 – Next two bars scheduled for completion end of March – Fifth bar schedule for completion in April 2014 ITT Mirrors – 5 ordered (4 with new specifications) – First meets specifications, different than final specifications – Three complete. Two slightly outside of specification – Fifth lost earlier in fabrication, replacement 26 weeks out Zygo Prisms – 4 ordered – All completed in Dec 2013 and meet all specifications

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review WBS 1.02: Summary Optics specifications have been established Vendors (Zygo and ITT) proven to be able to produce optics to specification with desired production rates Integration of optics into full system recently reviewed by the Belle PAC which recommended “…that the purchase of the quartz bars should proceed as soon as possible.”

WBS 1.03: Readout Systems Level 2 Manager: Gary Varner (Hawaii)

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review Readout Systems Design, fabrication, testing, delivery to KEK, and acceptance testing of the readout systems for the iTOP (WBS 1.02) & KLM (WBS 1.04) detector systems Block diagram of the Belle II Trigger and DAQ system

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review iTOP Electronics Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) designed at U. Hawaii Custom printed circuit boards that carry ASICs and amplifiers Processor boards with FPGAs to control the ASICS and process the data from the ASICS Four board stacks per iTOP module 16 ASICs per board stack Processor board with FPGA

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review iTOP Electronics Requirements Requirement: <100ps demonstrated in full system beam test Bench tests (above) have reached 62ps <50ps (higher gain amplifiers) in final design Single photo electron timing resolution 62ps

KLM Electronics March 2014US Belle II Independent Project Review15 Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) designed at U. Hawaii Several ASIC carrier boards on 9U VME KLM sub- detector readout module Processor boards with FPGAs to control the ASICS Signal and HV distribution board KLM readout module connected to Signal & HV distribution board ASIC on carrier board

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review WBS 1.03 Summary Required performance of iTOP and KLM readout systems achieved in beam and bench tests Final ASIC and readout electronics add performan ce margin and improved electro‐mechanical robustness Final ASIC designs are in fabrication

WBS 1.04: KLM Systems Level 2 Manager: Leo Piilonen (Virginia Tech)

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review KLM Systems Design, fabricate, deliver to KEK and test the barrel KLM scintillator readout modules for layers 0 and 1 Specify, procure, implement and commission the high voltage power supplies for the barrel and endcap KLM scintillator modules.

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review K L and muon detector

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review WBS 1.04 Completed: Oct 2013 Deliver at least 32 detector modules that each meet or exceed the threshold criteria of – at least 80% efficiency for cosmic rays, averaged over all strips in module (actual: 94%) – 15+ MPPC pixels fired for cosmic rays passing through far (mirrored) end of each scint strip (actual: ~30+ pixels) – timing resolution of at least 10 ns (actual: ~6 ns) – geometric coverage of active area: 92% in z-view, 95% in phi-view, 92% in overlap (actual: 95–96%) 36 qualified modules delivered

WBS 1.05: Commissioning Detectors Level 2 Manager: Sven Vahsen (Hawaii)

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review Commissioning Detectors Purpose: to characterize beam-induced backgrounds from new accelerator prior to Belle II detector roll-in – Measurement of instantaneous and integrated radiation  64 PIN diodes system – Sensitivity to synchrotron light  shield half of PIN diodes with gold paint – Directional detection of fast neutrons  8 micro-Time Projection Chambers – Rigid, non-magnetic mechanical support for all sub-detectors Pre-production prototypes of both the PIN diode system and micro-Time Projection Chambers have met or exceeded all Key Performance Parameters

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review Commissioning Phases SuperKEKB Commissioning Plan: – Phase I (Jan 2015): w/o final focus magnets, No Belle Detector – Phase II (Feb 2016): with final focus magnets & Belle w/o Si Detector Phase 2 Phase 1

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review micro-Time Projector Chambers Vacuum vessel Field cage assembly Final DAQ board Partially assembled prototype

19-20 March US Belle II Independent Project Review Project Ready for CD-2/3 WBS 1.02: iTOP Optics – Optics specifications have been established – Vendors (Zygo and ITT) proven to be able to produce optics to specification with desired production rates – Ready to start optics production WBS 1.03: Readout Systems – Required performance achieved in beam and bench tests – Final ASIC and readout electronics add performance margin – Final ASIC designs in fabrication WBS 1.04: KLM Systems – Scope completed October 2013 WBS 1.05: Commissioning Detectors – Performance demonstrated with prototype systems