Causes of WWII

Cause #1 Treaty of Versailles The War Guilt Clause blamed Germany for World War I The War Guilt Clause blamed Germany for World War I Germany had to pay reparations to the allies Germany had to pay reparations to the allies Germany lost huge pieces of territory Germany lost huge pieces of territory

Cause #2 The Great Depression Stock Market Crash in 1929 crippled the world economy Stock Market Crash in 1929 crippled the world economy Germany was very hard hit Germany was very hard hit Hyper-Inflation, Unemployment, War reparations Hyper-Inflation, Unemployment, War reparations People in countries around the world looked toward any leader for guidance and solutions People in countries around the world looked toward any leader for guidance and solutions USA- Roosevelt USA- Roosevelt Japan- Hirohito & Tojo Japan- Hirohito & Tojo Germany- Hitler Germany- Hitler Russia- Stalin Russia- Stalin Italy- Mussolini Italy- Mussolini

Cause #3 Rise of Totalitarian Dictatorships……Russia Stalin in the USSR (Russia) Russian Revolution By the 1930’s Joseph Stalin has a Totalitarian Dictatorship Two goals Increase agricultural production Industrialize Resistance or threats to Stalin Executed Sent to work camps in Siberia

Cause #3 Rise of Totalitarian Dictatorships……Italy Benito Mussolini starts a Fascist (Fascism) movement Benito Mussolini starts a Fascist (Fascism) movement Extreme Nationalism Extreme Nationalism Your country comes first Your country comes first Violent, and ruthless Violent, and ruthless Return Italy to a time of glory Return Italy to a time of glory Mussolini is made Prime Minister, and quickly becomes a dictator Mussolini is made Prime Minister, and quickly becomes a dictator Limited Rights & Freedoms Limited Rights & Freedoms Banned labor unions Banned labor unions Outlawed political parties Outlawed political parties Controlled the Press Controlled the Press

Cause #3 Rise of Totalitarian Dictatorships……Germany Adolph Hitler joins the NAZI Party Adolph Hitler joins the NAZI Party Fascism-Nazism Fascism-Nazism German (Aryan) race is superior German (Aryan) race is superior Germans need “Living Space” Germans need “Living Space” Blamed minorities for Germany’s problems Blamed minorities for Germany’s problems Would return Germany to Greatness Would return Germany to Greatness 1932 Hitler is elected Chancellor of Germany 1932 Hitler is elected Chancellor of Germany Once in power, Hitler….. Once in power, Hitler….. Passed laws targeting Jews, and other “Undesirables” Passed laws targeting Jews, and other “Undesirables” Abolished personal rights and liberties Abolished personal rights and liberties Eliminated all opposition to his government Eliminated all opposition to his government

Cause #3 Rise of Totalitarian Dictatorships……Japan During the Great Depression, Militarism grew in Japan until the military took over the government During the Great Depression, Militarism grew in Japan until the military took over the government Militarism + Nationalism Militarism + Nationalism Japan must return to greatness Japan must return to greatness Japan needs to expand to acquire natural resources, as well as space for the Japanese people Japan needs to expand to acquire natural resources, as well as space for the Japanese people

Hitler, Mussolini, Hirohito During the Great Depression Dictators are able to come to power in During the Great Depression Dictators are able to come to power in Germany Germany Italy Italy Japan. Japan. Hitler and Mussolini want to return their countries to greatness. Hitler and Mussolini want to return their countries to greatness. They limit the rights of the people and set up totalitarian governments. They limit the rights of the people and set up totalitarian governments. Germany puts people to work rearming the country Germany puts people to work rearming the country

Japan Gets Aggressive Japan invades Manchuria in China for natural resources Japan invades Manchuria in China for natural resources The League of Nations orders Japan to leave China…Japan Quits The League of Nations orders Japan to leave China…Japan Quits War Japan vs. China War Japan vs. China Japan has conquered Japan has conquered Large parts of China Large parts of China Taiwan Taiwan SE Asia SE Asia Korea I Korea I Islands in the Pacific Islands in the Pacific

Germany Gets Aggressive Germany leaves the League of Nations Hitler had begun rearming Germany Forms an Air Force Universal military service 1936 Hitler sends troops into the Rhineland REMEMBER THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES????

Italy Gets Aggressive Italy invades Ethiopia Italy invades Ethiopia Germany and Italy become allies Germany and Italy become allies Rome-Berlin Axis Rome-Berlin Axis Civil War erupts in Spain….Germany and Italy send supplies, and weapons to support Franco (Fascist) Civil War erupts in Spain….Germany and Italy send supplies, and weapons to support Franco (Fascist) Franco eventually wins, and sets up a dictatorship in Spain Franco eventually wins, and sets up a dictatorship in Spain

Appeasement Since nobody did anything about Germany’s aggressiveness……Hitler keeps going March 12, Germany claims Austria Hitler demands the Sudetenland (German speaking part of Czechoslovakia) Rather then risk war, English Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain gives the Sudetenland to Germany Munich Pact Appeasement

Hitler, Poland, and WWII September 1, Germany invades Poland (Beginning of WWII) September 1, Germany invades Poland (Beginning of WWII) Splits Poland with Russia Splits Poland with Russia German “Blitzkrieg” German “Blitzkrieg” Two days later England and France declare war on Germany Two days later England and France declare war on Germany Poland falls quickly, Germany invades Norway, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France Poland falls quickly, Germany invades Norway, Denmark, Belgium, the Netherlands, and France England is forced to retreat across the English Channel at Dunkirk, 340,000 Allied soldiers are saved England is forced to retreat across the English Channel at Dunkirk, 340,000 Allied soldiers are saved

Battle of Britain and the War in the Atlantic After France is defeated Hitler turns towards England After France is defeated Hitler turns towards England Tries to bomb and starve England into submission Tries to bomb and starve England into submission U-boats are used to attack any ships trading with England, despite their nationality U-boats are used to attack any ships trading with England, despite their nationality

United States Stays Neutral, but….. Tries to Help Its Allies Citizens of the United States want to stay out of this war. FDR wants to help his allies, but can’t use the military Sells weapons to France and England on a “Cash and Carry” basis Traded warships for military bases Lend-Lease Act

In the Pacific…..JAPAN Japan lacks resources, so it wanted to build an empire to get them Japan lacks resources, so it wanted to build an empire to get them Japan invades China and makes huge advances, they go on to invade South East Asia Japan invades China and makes huge advances, they go on to invade South East Asia FDR builds up the Navy in the Pacific, and stops trade with Japan (Japan relied upon the U.S. for many raw materials) FDR builds up the Navy in the Pacific, and stops trade with Japan (Japan relied upon the U.S. for many raw materials)

U.S. Entry into WWII September 1940 Japan, Germany, and Italy become allies June 1941 Germany invades Russia Japan decides it needs to destroy the U.S. Pacific fleet to control the Pacific Pearl Harbor- December “A date which will in infamy”

CAUSES OF WWII Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Versailles World Wide Depression World Wide Depression Limited Natural Resources Limited Natural Resources Imperialism Imperialism Rise of Totalitarianism (Dictators) Rise of Totalitarianism (Dictators) Ethnic and Racial Reasons Ethnic and Racial Reasons

Allies Vs. Axis AXIS POWERS Germany Germany Italy Italy Japan Japan Conscripted troops from conquered territories Conscripted troops from conquered territories ALLIED POWERS France England China Russia Canada United States