1/20 Discussion Questions 1.How did Darwinism change society? 2.What distinguished the “new imperialism” from earlier forms of European expansion in the nineteenth century? 3.What impact did Christianity have on imperialism? 4.What are the different ways a European country can control a non-European power?

Imperialism

It’s Start The govt of one people governing another people Worldwide spread of industrial and scientific civilization from Europe Colonized people greatly affected European culture always expanding

The New Imperialism No interest in territory beyond, protecting own interests, way stations, trading centers Invested capital Brought methods of production and management

Set up: –Mines –Plantations –Docks –Warehouses –Factories –Refineries –railroads Created mini Europe in foreign lands –River steamships –Banks –Offices –Homes –Hotels –Resorts –Clubs

Cont. Took over productive life of country Native population worked for foreign employers Class problems became based on race Lent money to non European rulers –Europeans had huge financial stake in govts and economies around the world

Forms of Control 4 Types of Control: 1.Colony: Country controlled by foreign power –Britain/South Africa 2.Protectorate: Country w/ own Govt., but controlled by outside power –Britain/Niger River 3.Sphere of Influence: Specific trading arrangement with outside country –Britain, France, Germany/China 4.Economic Imperialism: Independent country controlled by a business –Dole Fruit Company/Hawaii

Euros Start Feeling Superior Before 1875 European monarchs treated foreign counter parts with respect Then industrial revolution –Seemingly un-endless wealth –Tax, borrow, spend w/o limit All other empires on decline –Made European intervention easy –Only Japanese able to withhold

Incentives & Motives Missionaries –If got killed by natives, public opinion affected Science –Exploration –Biology Tourists –Wanted order and safety abroad

Economic Factors RAW MATERIALS Coffee/tea Cotton Rubber Petroleum Jute – India – burlap, twine, carpets Industrialization makes all European countries compete!!!

The Profit Motive Made more money if you invested in “backwards” countries –Cheap labor –High demand for non-euro products –Higher risk of loss Untamed areas –Build railroads, mines, factories, etc. –Wanted to stabilize areas investments were made = imperialism

Socialists Condemn Imperialism J.A. Hobson Lenin If more money evenly distributed then no surplus and then no imperialism Socialism calls for no imperialism

Imports Most Important Sustained Europe’s high standard of living Cotton Cocoa Coffee Copper Copra Another reason for imperialism is national security

Britain, France, Germany Spent a lot of money in other countries Britain –By 1914 $20 billion invested abroad –¼ their wealth –$ 10 billion of that in BRITISH empire France –Only 1/10 to French colonies Germany –Didn’t invest in German colonies

Joseph Chamberlain British politician Father of Neville Chamberlain (PM before WWII) Believed society should and could take better care of its members