27 Empire and Expansion

Crash Course #28 After watching this episode, you will need to be able to answer What were causes and effects of American imperialism? Classify these as: political, social, or economic.

Essential Questions Discuss the continuity and change that New Imperialism was to US foreign policy. Discuss causes and effects of imperialism on America and the lands it overtook. Assess the impact of Theodore Roosevelt upon the US's international policies.

26 Theodore Roosevelt

Edith Roosevelt

Postbellum Stirrings, Abroad our empire shall no limits know, But like the sea in boundless circles flow. -William Henry Seward

Postbellum Stirrings,

“God, with infinite wisdom and skill is training the Anglo- Saxon race for…the final competition of races.” -Josiah Strong

Postbellum Stirrings,

Summary After the Civil War, the majority of the US showed no interest in overseas expansion until But, new specific technological, ideological, and economic events occurred that garnered (received) enough support for the US to engage in imperialism.

Primary Source 1 Read, HAP-P Discuss: What was the white man’s burden? Who might disagree with this?

Discuss What were push and pull factors leading to American imperialism? Which do you see as most influential?

The Old Army and the New Navy

Despite a poor army, the US built up its navy for reasons unconnected to expansion; interestingly, the Navy proved overwhelmingly important in American overseas expansion.

Turning Point: the 1890s Alfred Thayer Mahan The Influence of Sea Power Upon History,

Turning Point: the 1890s

Summary Although many Americans were against American expansion, such as the Anti- Imperialist League, more people now supported economic expansion based on (not “off of”) economic, religious, and ideological reasons.

Primary Source 1B

Primary Source 2 Read and HAP-P “The War Prayer” Discuss: Was this story relevant in 1904? 1914? Is it still relevant? Support your opinions.

Discuss Compare the debate over American imperialism to modern debates over American influence overseas. What parallels, if any, exist?

Britain Blinks

The stand off with Britain over Venezuela added to the momentum of the US becoming a world power. Britain Blinks

The Splendid Little War

(Senator Henry) Teller (CO) Amendment: “The United States hereby disclaims any disposition of intention to exercise sovereignty, jurisdiction, or control over said island except for the pacification thereof, and asserts its determination when that is accomplished to leave the government and control of the island to the people.”

The Splendid Little War

Samoa MidwayGuam

The Splendid Little War Because of the US’s close ties with Cuba, the De Lome letter, and the Maine explosion, the US went to war with Spain to bring peace to Cuba.

Conquering the Philippines

“We need Hawaii just as much and a good deal more than we did California. It is Manifest Destiny.” -Pres. McKinley

Conquering the Philippines

“We are to be transformed from a republic, founded on the Declaration of Independence…into a vulgar, commonplace empire, founded upon physical force.” -Sen. George F. Hoar, MA

Conquering the Philippines The Philippines really got the worst experience of the Spanish American War and showed the world clearly the US’s imperial motives, despite the Teller Amendment stating otherwise.

Spanish American War Legacies

The US emerged from the Spanish American War a world power, prepared to be more aggressive with other nations who threaten this role.

Stop, summarize, question

The New Century

The Open Door to China

John Hay played a key diplomatic role in allowing the US to have a space in China’s trade, though it was not exclusively his letters that did this.

The Panama Canal Hay-Pauncefote Treaty

The Panama Canal

Summary and Discuss The construction of the Panama Canal was monumental for the time and made great improvements in travel. It remains one of the greatest engineering projects ever completed. Could the Panama Canal have been built without American success in the Spanish American War?

The Roosevelt Corollary

Summary TR changed the role of the US in the Western Hemisphere; however, this was more in the interests of the US than in any of the Latin American or Caribbean countries.

Discuss To what extent was the Spanish American War a turning point in American foreign policy?

Essential Questions Discuss the continuity and change that New Imperialism was to US foreign policy. Discuss causes and effects of imperialism on America and the lands it overtook. Assess the impact of Theodore Roosevelt upon the US's international policies.