Imagine a world without water. The planet is a barren desert. There are no cool green forests or deep oceans. The world is silent – no rain falls onto the rooftops. No clouds shield our planet from the hot sun. Even the shape of the land is different. Without water to wear them down, the mountains are jagged and rough. There are not Great Lakes, Niagara Falls, and no Grand Canyon. LEQ: Why is it important to conserve water? LEQ: How is water distributed on Earth?

Distribution of Earth’s Water Teacher demonstration of different %s that water is found in Teacher demonstration Summarizer: worksheet and graph

All the Water in the World Did you know…? Earth is called the Water Planet Approximately ¾ of the Earth’s surface is covered with water The Earth has different types of water 1. Oceans 97.2% of total water 2. Icecaps/glaciers 2.38% 3. Groundwater 0.397% 4. Surface (lakes, rivers, streams, ponds) 0.022% 5. Atmosphere 0.001% Grand Total = 100%

Where did Earth's water come from?

How do People Use Water? In addition to household purposes, people use water for agriculture, industry, transportation, and recreation.

Summarizer for Uses..\summarizers\Five Categories of Water Use key.docx

You might be surprised… statistics on water use for common foods

Water Use Project: Record the volume of water that you or your family use for 5 out of a 7-day period. All data must be in metric units. Use textbook page 17 chart and your planner to help you convert your usage. There are also numerous websites that you can use that will assist you with this as well. You will find some examples linked to my webpage as well as a graph maker to assist you in this project. All parts of this project are due no later than March11th. Estimating water used in a shower (ZOOM) Estimating water used in a shower water calculator

Water Used in Your Home p. 17 TaskWater Used (liters) Showering 5 mins.95 liters Brushing teeth water on water off 10 liters 1 liter Washing hands7.5 liters Flushing standard low flow 23 liters 6 liters Laundry one load151 liters dishwasher19 liters Wash dishes by hand114 liters How much water a day would a person save per flush by replacing a standard toilet with low flow toilet?

Water Crisis Water changes everything Can it happen here? CA's Water Story Water - The World's Water Crisis State of Thirst - CA's Water KQED

Properties of Water How would you describe water to someone who has never seen it? Properties clip Water is a polar molecule – the + hydrogen ends of a water molecule attract the – oxygen ends of on nearby water molecules. Water has surface tension – the tightness across the surface of water is caused by the polar molecules pulling on each other.

Properties (continued) Capillary action – the combined force of attraction among water molecules and with the molecules of surrounding materials. Capillary action allows water to move through materials like paper and cloth. Water is the universal solvent. Water is able to dissolve many substances is that it is polar. The charged ends of the water molecule attract the molecules of other polar substances.

Water is the only substance on Earth that commonly exists in all of its three states. Melting – Although you can’t see them, all the molecules of a substance are constantly moving. At -10 C ◦, the molecules of an ice cube are vibrating back and forth, but they are not moving fast enough to break free of their structure. If you add heat to the cube, the molecules start moving faster and the temperature rises and the solid ice is able to break free, melting. Boiling and Evaporation - what happens if you continue to heat the water on the stove? As more energy is added, the speed of the molecules increases and the temperature rises. At 100 ◦ C, the water boils and another change of state occurs. Molecules have enough energy to escape the liquid and become invisible water vapor. The molecules in a gas move even more freely than those in a liquid. Another way for liquid water to become a gas is through evaporation, the process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to a gas.

Changing states (continued) Condensation – As water cools down, it releases some of its energy to its surroundings. The molecules slow down and the temperature decreases. The process by which a gas changes to a liquid is called condensation. Freezing – If the liquid water continues to be cooled, the molecules continue to lose energy. They move more and more slowly. At 0 ◦ C, the liquid water freezes, changing back into its solid form. In what state of matter do water molecules have the most energy? gas

Specific Heat- the amount of heat needed to increase the temperature of a certain mass of a substance by 1 ◦ C Compared to other substances, water requires a lot of heat to increase its temperature. On effect of water’s high specific heat is that land areas located near large bodies of water experience less dramatic temperatures changes than areas far inland. In summer, the sun’s heat warms the land more quickly than the air over the ocean. As a result, the air inland is warmer than the coast. Just the opposite effect occurs in the winter.

Why does ice float?

Big Idea: Earth is the Water Planet Big Idea: Earth is the Water Planet Summarizer