Local Institutions, Local Knowledge, and Geographies of Pastoralist Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Kenya Tom Smucker Geography & African Studies.

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Presentation transcript:

Local Institutions, Local Knowledge, and Geographies of Pastoralist Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Kenya Tom Smucker Geography & African Studies Ohio University 2009 AAG Annual Meeting Las Vegas, NV

The EACLIPSE Project Gopal Alagarswamy, Jeff Andresen, David Campbell, Robert Glew, Sarah Hession, Dong Yun Kim, Joseph Maitima, Salome Misana, Nathan Moore, Simon Mugatha, Claude Mong’ong’o, Simon Mwansasu, Joseph Ogutu, Jennifer Olson, Jiaguo Qi, Mohammed Said, Thomas Smucker, Philip Thornton, Edna Wangui, Ben Wisner and Pius Yanda. NSF Biocomplexity in the Environment Award

Local Institutions and CC Adaptation in East African Drylands Coping strategies and diversification among East African pastoralists Limitations of the literature on ‘coping with drought’ Integrating concerns about local knowledge and shifting institutional articulations Institutions and adaptive capacity in Loitokitok District Imbirikani GR on the brink of subdivision New institutions: CBOs anticipate subdivision

Temporal dynamics of coping, diversification, and adaptation Focus on household-level economic and technical management responses Limited attention to ‘local knowledge’ From Drought Coping to Climate Change Adaptation

Study Sites in Loitokitok District, Kenya VillageGroup RanchPredominant Livelihood Activities EmpironKimanaLivestock and agriculture Mbirikani Livestock and Tourism- related Activities RisaOlngulului-LolarashiPrimarily Livestock

A non-agricultural landscape? What kind of pastoralists are the Ilkisonko Maasai? Irrigated agriculture, Kimana Rainfed agriculture (abandoned), Kimana

Mbirikani GR: Mediating Internal and External Pressures Nexus of pressures from internal pro & anti-subdivision groups, wildlife conservation community, would be investors Wildlife conservation interests and emergence of local wildlife community groups Maintaining livestock and wildlife mobility in a post- subdivision landscape

New Players: CBOs Anticipate Subdivision Economic, cultural, and political origins / strategies Interface with / resources from growing Ministry presence at district level (Gender and Children, Social Development, Agriculture) New forms of bonding & networking social capital: the next round of Maasai negotiations with ‘external’ interests

Reorganizing the Post-GR Institutional Landscape