27 March 2013 NASA Earth Science Division Update Michael H. Freilich

2 OUTLINE NASA Earth Science Overview and Status Future Mission Plans CEOS and GEO Leadership and Engagement ESD Budget Outlook – Sequester Gyrations – Details of FY14 President’s Budget Proposal (time permitting)

3 Earth Science Division Overview Overarching goal: to advance Earth System science, including through spaceborne data acquisition, research and analysis, and predictive modeling Six major activities: Building and operating Earth observing satellite missions, many with international and interagency partners Making high-quality data products available to the broad science community Conducting and sponsoring cutting-edge research –Field campaigns to complement satellite measurements –Analyses of non-NASA mission data –Modeling Applied Science – developing and demonstrating applications that deliver societal benefit Developing technologies to improve Earth observation capabilities Education and Public Outreach

4 ESD Operating Missions (2013) LDCM Bi-annual Senior Review Ongoing in 2013

5 Formation Flying: the A-Train CloudSat track CALIPSO track; CALIOP laser

ICEBRIDGE CUMULATIVE ARCTIC TRAJECTORY MAP

ICEBRIDGE CUMULATIVE ANTARCTIC TRAJECTORY MAP

9 Atmospheric Composition Carbon Cycle and Ecosystems Climate Variability and Change Weather Water and Energy Cycle Earth Surface and Interior Earth SCIENCE Division Focus Areas Shanghai Beijing 8/08 minus (8/05-07)

10 Applied Sciences Program Applications Areas (USGEO 9 SBAs) Energy Climate Agriculture Weather Oceans Disasters Ecosystems Water Resources Health (incl. Air Quality) |‌ 10 Emphasis in 4 Applications Areas Activities also contribute to 5 other societal benefit areas

11 Non-Flight: Non-Flight Fraction of ESD Budget Non-Flight Funding

12 Guiding Recommendation Documents medialibrary/2010/07/01/ Climate_Architecture_Final.pdf 2007 Decadal Survey Administration priorities and constraints Decadal survey, OCO-2, climate continuity missions, balanced program Integrated Program Research and Applications communities priorities No realistic budget constraint (calls for $2B funding [FY06 constant $$ beginning in FY10) Dec Surv + Administration priorities Executable for FY11 Pres. Bud. OSTP, USGCRP, OMB approval

SMAP 2014 ICESat SWOT 2020 PACE 2020 (NOTIONAL) L-Band SAR NET 2021 (NOTIONAL) CLARREO NET 2022 NASA Earth Science Planned Missions ( ) OCO SAGE-III (on ISS) 2014 Grace-FO 2017 OCO-3 (on ISS) 2017 GPM 2014 CYGNSS EVM-1, 2017 TEMPO EVI-1, 2019 EVI EVM EVI

14 NASA/ESD Engagement in CEOS and GEO NASA/ESD is substantially involved in leadership and activities of CEOS –Provides vast majoirty of funding for CEOS System Engineering Office –Chairs CEOS Strategic Implementation Team –Supports leadership and activities of most of the Virtual Constellations and some Working Groups –Brokered (and substantially funds) USG collaboration on issues such as CWIC vs HMA for WGISS –Led population of ECV inventory –Help coordinate CEOS and GEO work plans –Helping define inputs to GEO post-2015 planning –Official leadership/management of IN01 GEO task –NASA EOSDIS data system and free/open data policy are essential to widespread use of research satellite measurements Lawrence Friedl (NASA/ESD) Co-Chairs USGEO

15 SEQUESTER IMPACTS TO ESD (to date) Congressional FY13 appropriation reduced ESD budget by ~$73M Minimal impact to ongoing and planned activities – Mission developments remain on track – Future mission plans unchanged – This was possible owing to superb execution and conservative budgeting (missions remaining within budget) – Cash flow management for non-flight activities should allow negligible impact (significant uncosted funds exist) “COSMETIC” IMPACTS WILL BE SUBSTANTIAL – Draconian cutbacks in international travel – Significant reductions in domestic travel – Immediate (likely temporary) suspension of most NASA education/public outreach activities

16 President’s FY14 Budget Details

17

18 VENTURE-CLASS UPDATE/STATUS Venture-Class is a Tier-I Decadal Survey recommendation – Science-driven, PI-led, competitively selected, cost- and schedule-constrained, regularly solicited, orbital and suborbital – Venture-class investigations complement the systematic missions identified in the Decadal Survey, and provide flexibility to accommodate scientific advances and new implementation approaches Venture-Class is fully funded, with 3 “strands” – EV-1 (EV-S): suborbital/airborne investigations (5 years duration) o Solicited in May FY09 (selections in FY10) and every 4 years o 5 investigations selected; flights began in FY11 – EV-2 (EV-M): small complete missions, Class D (5 years development) o Solicited in FY11 and every 4 years o Small-sat or stand-alone payload for MoO; $150M total development cost o AO released 17 June 2011, CYGNSS selected July 2012 – EV-Instrument: spaceborne instruments for flight on MoO (5 years dev.) o Solicited in FY11 and every 18 months thereafter o AO release Feb 7; proposals received May 2012; TEMPO selected Nov 2012 o ~$90M development costs, accommodation costs budgeted separately

19 VENTURE-CLASS UPDATE/STATUS (cont) EV-1 (“EV-S” - Suborbital, Airborne) – All 5 investigations have completed at least 1 sustained field campaign – All EV-1 investigations will fly during 2013 – Second EV-S solicitation funded, in preparation for release on schedule in mid-2013 EV-2 (“EV-M” - Small-sat) – CYGNSS PI team and NASA program office making good progress, under contract 7 Dec 2012 (planned launch) – ESD/SMD developing detailed “Class D” management approaches and processes EV-I (Instrument) – TEMPO selected for GEO hosted payload opportunity (2017 launch) – ESD initiating formal host selection/negotiation process – Second “EV-I/2” solicitation funded, on schedule for release ~August, 2013

Operation IceBridge – thru FY17 DC-8 over Palmer Station (courtesy Jon Brack) Petermann Glacier, Greenland (M. Studinger) P-3B during test flight over Wallops Island Antarctic flights from Chile Objectives 1.Provide ice surface elevation data over ice sheets, glaciers and sea ice to bridge the gap in laser altimeter measurements between ICESat and ICESat-2 missions. 2.Obtain measurements critical to ice sheet models such as bed topography, grounding line position, and ice and snow thickness. Some of these parameters can only be measured from aircraft. Survey Areas Arctic Ocean (sea ice), Greenland (outlet glaciers and ice sheet), Southern Ocean (sea ice), Antarctic Peninsula, West Antarctica, East Antarctica, South-East Alaska Antarctic Peninsula (M. Studinger)

21 DRAFT – FOR INTERNAL NASA USE ONLY Earth Science Budget – FY13 Request Prev Admin FY10 request

22 Earth Venture Instrument-1 Selection Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution PI: Kelly Chance, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Instrument Development: Ball Aerospace Project Management: LARC (Wendy Pennington, PM; Dave Flittner, PS) Other Institutions: GSFC, NCAR, Harvard, NOAA, UC Berkeley, SLU, UAH, EPA, Nebraska RY$: 93.2M Orbit requirements: Geostationary Orbit. NASA plans to host instrument on a commercial Geostationary communication satellite. Scientific and Programmatic Characteristics Tropospheric pollution observations from Geostationary Orbit using a UV and Visible Offner Grating spectrometer Retrieve Ozone, NO 2, SO 2, aerosols, CH 2 O, others. TEMPO will be simultaneous with, and complements, EU/GEMS Sentinel 4 and Korean GEO AQ observations, forming a global AQ constellation in GEO. Operational agencies like EPA and NOAA are part of the science team. TEMPO will be a pathfinder to using hosted commercial payloads from GEO

23 KEY INTERAGENCY INTERACTIONS USGCRP (Global Change Research Program) – Freilich is USGCRP Vice-Chair – Integrated Observations Lead – Jack Kaye, NASA Principal – NASA is a major contributor to the National Climate Assessment activity, the major contributor to USGCRP NOAA/DOC – JASD Lead for JPSS, coordinates with ESD – ESD S-NPP mission is being used operationally for operational meteorological forecasting – ESD contributes instrument (TrIG), operations funding to COSMIC-1/2 – NASA/NOAA Joint Working Group USGS/DOI – LDCM – Future sustained land imaging under discussion Applied Science and R&A program investigations in collaboration with many Federal agencies (and non-Fed organizations) –Field campaigns, joint solicitations, joint centers (e.g., JCSDA) support, collaborative multi-agency projects (e.g. SPORT), SERVIR

24 INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS (1 of 2) European Space Agency – NASA-ESA Earth Science collaboration framework signed September 2010 –Field Campaigns/Cal-Val; Ground systems, data products, mission “interoperability”; Flight missions ISRO (India) – Oceansat-2 scatterometer, ocean color instrument data exchange, validation – QuikSCAT re-orientation to allow use as transfer standard – L-Band SAR collaborative mission under intensive discussion CNES (France) – SWOT (72%/28%$$ NASA/CNES work package agreed upon) CSA (Canada) – SMAP (Flight components, ground station under discussion; validation) – SWOT (Flight components; science participation)

25 INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATIONS (2 of 2) CONAE (Argentina) – COSMIC real-time data provision (w/ NOAA) – SAC-D/Aquarius full mission collaboration JAXA (Japan) – TRMM, ASTER, AMSR-E extended missions – ALOS-TDRSS operational data transmission until ALOS failed – GOSAT/ACOS/OCO-2 (validation, OCO-2 algorithm refinement) – GCOM-W1 in A-Train, and part of GPM Constellation – GPM DLR/GFZ (Germany) – GRACE extended mission – GRACE-FO same workshare as GRACE CEOS/USGEO – NASA Chairs CEOS Strategic Implementation Team – NASA is a Co-Chair of USGEO

26 Earth Observations from the ISS: NASA/ESD Status and Plans On-orbit instruments funded by non-ESD sources, ESD funding for analysis –HICO (Hyperspectral Imager for the Coastal Ocean) o Launched September, 2009 on HTV; mounted on JEM-EF –ISERV (Digital Camera and Telescope) o Launched July, 2012 on HTV-3; mounted internally on WORF Planned instruments funded by NASA/HEOMD, ESD funding for analysis –CATS (Cloud-Aerosol Transport System for ISS) o LIDAR, summer 2013, HTV, JEM-EF –Rapid-Scat (Ku-band scatterometer) o Launch early CY2014, Falcon/Dragon –Lightning Imaging Sensor (under consideration) –Hyperspectral Follow-on to HICO (under consideration) Approved instruments funded by ESD –SAGE-III (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Expt) –In Phase-C; 8/2014 Launch on Falcon/Dragon; ESA provides hexapod pointing p’form –OCO-3 (Orbiting Carbon Observatory-3 instrument only) –Phase-A November 2012; Launch Fall, 2017

27 ESD/SAGE III (2014) ESD/OCO-3 (2017) ISS/CATS (2014) ISS/HICO (2009) ISS/RapidSCAT (2014) Earth ISERV (2012)

28 SMD Organization January 2013 * Direct report to NASA Associate Administrator ** Co-located from the Front Office Applied Sciences (L. Friedl ) Research (J. Kaye) Flight (S. Volz) Strategic Integration & Management Division Dir. (D. Woods) Dep. (J. Feeley) Heliophysics Division Dir. (Vacant) Dep. (V. Elsbernd) Astrophysics Division Dir. (P. Hertz) Dep. (A. Razzaghi) Resource Management Division Dir. (C. Tupper) Dep. (K. Wolf) Planetary Science Division Dir. (J. Green) Dep. (Vacant) Earth Science Division Dir. (M. Freilich) Dep. (M. Luce) Science Office for Mission Assessments Chief Scientist (Marc Allen, Actg) Associate Administrator (AA) (John Grunsfeld) Deputy AA (Chuck Gay) Deputy AA for Programs (Mike Luther) Strategic & Intl Planning Director (Marc Allen) Deputy AA for Mgt (Roy Maizel) E/PO Lead (S. Stockman) Research Lead (M. Bernstein) Mars Exploration (J.Green, Actg.) Solar System Exploration (Vacant) Planetary Research (J.Rall) Planetary Protection Officer (C. Conley)** Joint Agency Satellite Division Dir. (M. Watkins) Dep. (D. Schurr) JWST Program Office Dir. (Rick Howard)* Dep. (E. Smith) Technology (GSFC) (G. Komar) Embeds/POCs Chief Engineer (T. Hyde) Safety & Msn Assurance (P. Martin) General Counsel (V. Salgado) Legislative & Intergvtl Affairs (D. Hollebeke) Public Affairs (D. Brown) Intl & Interagency Relations (K. Feldstein) Assistant AA (Colleen Hartman)

29 Formulation & Development Mission Plans SMAP Oct 2014 w/CSA Soil Moist., Frz/Thaw Delta II ICESat-2 Jul 2016 Ice Dynamics Delta II OCO-2 July 2014 Global CO 2 Delta II GRACE FO Aug 2017 w/Germany; Global Mass & Water Variation German-supplied LV GPM Feb 2014 w/ JAXA; Precip H-IIA CYGNSS Tropical Cyclone Generation, Air-sea Interaction in Extreme Conditions SAGE III Late 2014 Ozone & Trace Gases Falcon-9

30 Reinvigorate On-Orbit Constellation (1 of 2) OSTM/Jason-2Launched 6/2008 OCOLaunched 2/2009 (LV Failure) GloryLaunched 3/2011 (LV Failure) Aquarius/SAC-DLaunched 6/2011 NPPLaunched 11/2011 LDCMLaunched 2/2013 GPMOn Schedule for 2/15/2014 Launch OCO-2On Schedule for 7/1-7/2014 Launch SMAPOn Schedule for 10/31/2014 Launch SAGE-III/ISSOn Schedule for 12/2014 Launch

31 Reinvigorate On-Orbit Constellation (2 of 2) GRACE-FOFormulation for launch 8/2016 ICESAT-2Confirmed for launch 12/2016 CYGNSS (EVM)Formulation for launch late 2016 OCO-3/ISSFormulation for launch 2017 TEMPO (EVI)Formulation for launch 2017 PACEAcquisition Strategy under evaluation, launch 2020 SWOTFormulation for launch 2020